Activation of s28-dependent transcription in Escherichia coli by the cyclic AMP receptor protein requires an unusual promoter organization

The Escherichia coli aer regulatory region contains a single promoter that is recognized by RNA polymerase containing the flagellar sigma factor, s28. Expression from this promoter is dependent on direct activation by the cyclic AMP receptor protein, which binds to a target centred 49.5 base pairs upstream from the tran- script start. Activator-dependent transcription from the aer promoter was reconstituted in vitro, and a tethered inorganic nuclease was used to find the posi- tion of the C-term...

Spatial patterns in intermunicipal Danish commuting

Jorgen Lauridsen, Birgit Nahrstedt

Intermunicipal variations in in-commuting are mainly explained by variations in number of workplaces, urbanization degree and wealth, whereas variations in out- commuting are mainly determined by variations in workforce size, number of workplaces, living patterns and unemployment. This is quite satisfactory according to existing theory. However, of these explanatory factors only the number of workplaces influences the net in-commuting. But by using spatial lag structures it is shown that unemplo...

Group cooperation, inclusion and disaffected pupils: some responses to informal learning in the music classroom

This paper examines some personal and inter-personal issues concerning group-work and informal learning in the music classroom. It analyses data from a recent research project, which adopted and adapted the informal music learning practices of popular musicians, for use in the classroom. The discussion focuses on three aspects of the project. Firstly, it considers the issue of group cooperation, or the ways in which pupils interacted to organise their learning in small groups. This includes vari...

The Employment Impact of Differences in Dmand and Production

Mary Gregory, Giovanni Russo

We use input-output techniques to assess the contribution of patterns of final demand and consumption to the differing employment rates observed across six industrialized economies. The key concept utilised is the employment generated economy-wide in supplying each product or service to final demand, including all stages in the supply chain - the concept of the ëvertically integrated sectorí (VIS). The main conclusions are: (1) On a VIS basis the relative employment-friendliness of demand in i...

ISSUES AND PROBLEMS OF IMMEDIATE CONCERN

J. Carroll Bottum

Agricultural and Food Policy,

Non Linear Contracting and Endogenous Buyer Power between Manufacturers and Retailers: Empirical Evidence on Food Retailing in France

Céline Bonnet, Pierre Dubois

We present the first empirical estimation of a structural model taking into account explicitly the endogenous buyer power of downstream players facing two part tariffs contracts offered by the upstream level. We consider vertical contracts between manufacturers and retailers where resale price maintenance may be used with two part tariffs and allow retailers to have some endogenous buyer power from the horizontal competition of manufacturers. Our contribution allows to recover price-cost margins...