The name is absent

The family income data were categorised into seven bands for further analysis in the multilevel
model. It should be noted that due to the addition of salary band data for both parents, certain
income values are not found. The salary bands reflect the discontinuous nature of the
distribution. Rather than reflecting exact family income levels they are best seen as providing
indicators of approximate income levels from low through to high, which can be compared to the
no reported salary group (that are likely to represent families on benefit).

Table B4 Total family salary (categorical variable)

Data about parents’ working status was also collected. This showed that a little under one in five
children were in families with no earned income (17.9%). In addition, no data were available for a
quarter of the sample (no response to the questionnaire survey or to the specific item in the
questionnaire). The models tested whether parental employment status showed a significant
impact on attainment at entry to primary school. Table 5 gives details of parents’ employment
status.

The parent salary measures were tested in multilevel models used to explore the impact of pre-
school on attainment and which included a ‘home’ sample that had no pre-school experience (for
further details see Tables E.1, E.3 Charts 4.1, E.2, E.4 in EPPE Technical Paper 8a). A range of
child parent and family measures are controlled in order to assess the net impact of parent
salary and pre-school while controlling for other significant predictors.

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