Higher education funding reforms in England: the distributional effects and the shifting balance of costs



Total lifetime earnings, £millions

Figure shows the simulated median annual earnings at each age for male and female
graduates. It shows that median annual earnings are simulated to rise from around
£12,000 for men and women at age 22 to a peak of around £73,000 (£47,000) for
men (women) at age 56 (55). It must be remembered that these simulated earnings
values are considerably higher than the median values observed in today’s distribution
of graduates (where the median male graduate annual earnings across the 22-60
population is around £30,000 and the median female graduate earnings is around
£21,00
017). This is because we are simulating future earnings for a graduate cohort
starting undergraduate university in 2008-09, building in 2% real earnings growth
each year, over 40 years, in addition to any increment to earnings due to age or
experience.

Figure . Simulated median earnings for men and women, ages 22-60

It is worth emphasising that our earnings simulations are not predictions of the future,
they are instead simulations based on a series of assumptions. Predicting the earnings

17 Source: Spring 2005 Quarterly Labour Force Survey.

11



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