The Composition of Government Spending and the Real Exchange Rate



the composition of government spending and the real exchange rate 17

Table 1: Panel Unit Root and Cointegration Tests

Panel A: Unit Root Test

Levin, Lin
and Chu

Im, Pesaran
and Shin

PP-Fisher

Chi-Square

ln(REER)

0.33

0.04

0.07

ln(RNP)

0.79

1.00

0.99

ln(Prod. Diff.)

0.18

1.00

0.31

Trade Balance

0.00

0.00

0.00

ln(Rel. GDP per capita)

0.30

0.41

0.78

Rel. Govt. Consumption

0.04

0.03

0.59

Rel. Govt. Investment

0.00

0.00

0.05

Govt. Consumption

0.06

0.02

0.47

Govt. Investment

0.00

0.03

0.01

ln(GDP per capita)

0.22

1.00

1.00

Panel B: Kao Cointegration Test

ln(REER) Trade Balance ln(Rel. GDP per capita)         -6.12

Rel. Govt. Consumption Rel. Govt. Investment         (0.00)

ln(RNP) Trade Balance ln(GDP per capita)             -1.67

Govt. Consumption Govt. Investment                 (0.05)
ln(Prod. Diff.) ln(GDP per capita) Govt. Investment -2.14

(0.02)

Note: ln stands for natural logarithm; REER indicates the real effective exchange rate
computed by the authors using trade shares provided by Bayoumi et al (2005) using
the set of countries listed in Appendix A; RNP is the unit value of services relative to
manufacturing; Prod. Diff. is the ratio of labor productivity of services to manufacturing
sector; Trade Balance is the trade balance as a share of GDP; Rel. GDP per capita is real
relative GDP per capita; Rel. Govt. Consumption is relative government consumption
as a share of GDP; Rel. Govt. Investment is government investments as a share of GDP;
Govt. Consumption is the government consumption as a share of GDP; Govt. Investment
is government investment as a share of GDP; GDP per capita is real GDP per capita.



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