1. INTRODUCTION
Transport system is a whole composed of technical, technological, organizational,
economic and legislative elements, with the aim to perform transfer, loading and unloading of
goods and passengers. Taking into consideration that for majority of economic activities
certain elements of transport system are indispensable, any economic development is not
possible without transport system development.
In order to enable ecologically sustainable development, subjects of economic policy
should specially take into account that the development of those economic activities that have
negative impact on nature should be kept under control. One of such economic activity is
transport, whose influence upon nature consists in pollutants emission, noise and smoke
production, visual degradation of nature and many other negative consequences that cannot be
overlooked.
Part of economy system that is easily affected by nature devastation is tourism, thus
preserved natural scenery is one of the most important prerequisites for its development. At
the same time tourism efficiency mainly depends on transport accessibility. This contrariety
points out the necessity to define a concept of sustainable development of economies based on
transport and tourism as the optimum solution.
2. TRANSPORT IN ECONOMY DEVELOPMENT
The history of mankind is a history of economy development, and history of economy
development is a history of transport development. During that long time, periods of more
developed economic activities which forced transport to develop rapidly, were followed by
periods when more developed transport was forcing faster development of economic
activities.
Transport enables transfer, loading and unloading of goods and passengers, using
specific means for work, working procedures and engaging capital, which in different
transport modes and circumstances produces different profit.
Modern trends of transportation means and infrastructure development, together with
reduction of employees’ number, (mostly those working on transportation means
management, due to a process of automatization) stress the well-known characteristic-
transport is a capital intensive activity.
In front of people employed in organization and performing a transport process more
and more complex demand is put. Therefore, a needed level of knowledge and abilities is
becoming higher, and the real organisational structure of working staff must match the formal.
Scientific and technical-technological progresses in transport are continuously stimulated by
economical principles, ecology and safety.
Thanks to transport, dislocation of production and consumer site is possible, as well as
the dislocation of supply sources compared with production factories. All this enables
organizationally very demanded “just in time” supplying model or some other complex
logistics processes in supplying production or consuming sites.