The name is absent

1.3 Review of research literature touching on Aboriginal identity

1.31 Anthropology
⅛

In the anthropological literature (for example, Elkin, 1932a,
1932b, 1953, 1959a, 1959b, I960; C.H. Bemdt, 1961; R.M. Berndt, 1959, 1961,
1972, 1973, 1981; Chase, 1980; Fink, 1955; Tonkinson, 1974) references
to identity relate to identity maintenance by tradition-oriented
Aboriginal people in the face of change.

By and large these studies are of change, rather than
identity. Chase (1980), for example, in one of the most recent
studies, compared the roles of 'tradition* and ’identity' in the
social dynamics of modern tradition-orientated Aboriginal communities.
Berry (1970) and Watts (1976) found great diversity among tradition-
oriented Aboriginal people in their identification as Aborigines/
Australians∕having a dual identity.

Eckermann (1973) took up and tested some of the propositions
held by earlier anthropologists on Aboriginal value orientations
and group identification and found (1973:470) that "the kind of
picture Europeans have of the minority seems to be closely allied
to popular stereotypes as well as patterns people believe to be
'traditionally* Aboriginal".

Berndt (1977), and Kolig (1977), emphasized differences between
tradition-oriented and urban Aborigines. Kolig discussed the action
of external forces in defining and prescribing identity for
Aborigines and the redefinition of the concept of physical likeness
rather than cultural ethnocentrism as the focus for identity.
⅞

V

1.32 Psychology

In general, studies of Aboriginal people based in the discipline
of psychology date from the sixties. They include studies of
intelligence (de Lacey, 1971; Kearney, 1966; McElwain, 1969), concept
development (de Lemos, 1969; Seagrim, 1971), language (Douglas, 1968;
Nurcombe and Moffitt, 1970; Teasdale and Katz, 1968), attitudes

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