240
AGRICULTURE ON THE RHINE.
drawn from them by the cultivator. But in the present
minute division of the soil they are felt to be very heavy,
except where superior intelligence enables the farmer to
study his market and suit his crops to it. Where this is
not attended to, the profit that we have assumed as being
common upon the Rhine, and which is very considerable,
is, of course, not obtained. Where intelligence has been
stimulated by accompanying prosperity in trade and ma-
nufactures, our calculations of the farmer’s profit will often
be found to be under-rated.
The following details of some large estates in Southern
Germany will best serve to show the skill that is exerted
in the management of large properties as compared with
the peasants’ system of cultivation. The morgen is that
of Wirtemberg, and is to the English acre as 71 to 40, or
nearly three-quarters of an acre.
Hipfelhof, near Heilbronn on the Neckar, contains—.
|
490 morgens 55 15 250 |
arable, |
|
Rotations. 87 morgens 170 43 43 „ 103 44 |
winter corn. summer corn, potatoes and turnips (Swedes), tares (green), clover, and fallow. |
490 morgens.
Stock : 7 horses, 14 oxen—in winter only 4 to 6
oxen.
Agricultcre on tue ruine.
241
Ibingerhof, near Weil :—
|
534 |
morgens |
arable. |
|
83 |
,, |
meadow and garden. |
|
28 |
common pasture. | |
|
325 |
99 |
forests. |
|
85 |
99 |
fields let off. |
|
■ I | ||
|
1055 | ||
|
Rotations. | ||
|
117 |
morgens |
spelt. |
|
78 |
99 |
oats and barley. |
|
52 |
99 |
rape-seed. |
|
26 |
99 |
potatoes and Swedish turnips. |
|
26 |
morgens tares and peas. | |
|
92 |
99 |
clover and Iucern. |
|
78 |
clover pasture. | |
|
65 |
99 |
clean fallow. |
534 morgens.
Cattle : 12 horses, 6 oxen.
Details of Cultivation.
|
No. of |
Crop. |
Spring Period, 50 Work-days. |
I No. of Mor- |
No. of Days |
|
26 |
Barley. |
Twice ploughed (a third time Harrowing and rolling 4 times, |
52 |
87 |
|
Oats. |
4 morgens daily . |
104 |
26 | |
|
39 |
1 ploughing, 3 times harrowing . |
156 |
94 | |
|
13 |
Ditto on |
3 harrowings (broken up in au- | ||
|
fallow. |
tumn) ..... |
39 |
10 | |
|
26 |
Peas and |
1 ploughing, 2 harrowings |
78 |
56 |
|
tares. |
2 ploughings (1 in autumn) |
52 |
87 | |
|
I |
360 |
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