The positive and negative components of the game are determined by the following
expressions, with -m ≤ i ≤ s
0s
V(y-) = ∑ hi- v(xi) and V(y+) = ∑ hi+ v(xi)
i = -m i = 0
(2) where:
h- decision weights;
v- value function; and,
x- results.
The value function has the following characteristics: (i) defined on deviations starting
from the reference point; (ii) concave for gains (v ' ' (x) < 0, for x>0) and convex for
losses (v ' ' (x)>0, for x < 0); (iii) steeper for losses than for gains. The graphic
representation is as follows:

Figure 1 - The value function
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