Empirically Analyzing the Impacts of U.S. Export Credit Programs on U.S. Agricultural Export Competitiveness

Table 1: Results of Panel Unit Root Tests ¹

Variable	Constant	Constant and Trend
Value of Wheat imports from the United States______________________	-2.789(0.003)*** ²	-3.015(0.001)***
Ratio of import prices between the United States and the Rest of the world (ROW)_________________	-10.047(0.000)***	-8.414(0.000)***
Exchange rate between importers and the United States_______________	-2.302 (0.011)***	1929(0.973)
GDP of the importing countries	-1.995(0.023)**	1.525(0936)
Domestic production of Wheat in the importing countries_____________	-30.132(0.000)***	-23.222(0.000)***
Cost Saving of the importing countries____________________________	-1.636(0.051)**	-0.088(0.465)

¹Reported values include the test statistic and in parenthesis is the probability for the null hypothesis that
the variable has unit root.

***, ** and * indicate significance at the one , five and ten percent level respectively.

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