FUTURE TRADE RESEARCH AREAS THAT MATTER TO DEVELOPING COUNTRY POLICYMAKERS

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Subsectoral studies (air transport, logistics and distribution services,
and mode 4 in relation to poverty;

Measurement issues and data collection related to services;

Empirical studies of the links between economic development and service
sector liberalization.

(c) Non-tariff barriers and behind-the-border barriers, including:

• The systematic study of these barriers, including inventories of measures/
barriers;

• The impact of mutual recognition agreements on conformity and trade;

• The identification of lead factors relevant to harmonizing standards.

(d) The movement of people. This includes:

• The impact of demographic differences in the region on movements of
labour and (regional) management of labour movement;

• The implications of increasing population in urban areas;

• The implications of shifting demography on trade in health and education
services provision (across all GATS modes of delivery).

(e) Democratization of trade policy design. This includes:

• The role of interest groups and lobbying in policy design, particularly
the role of consumers, producers, legislators (parliamentarians) and
policymakers as well as their interactions;

• Political economy of trade policy formulation in major economies (including
the United States, the European Union and Japan);

• Institutional settings and economic change;

• The impact of interregional linkages on process and quality of policy
design;

• Assessment of resistance to trade policy reform.

(f) Advances in methodology. This includes:

• Expanding the measurement limits;

• A more extensive use of case studies that are based on systematically
collected evidence;

Primary data collection using survey instruments;

Cost-benefit analysis;

Estimation of data reliability.

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