The name is absent



Policies in the 1950s and 1960s: The desirability of development planning was generally
accepted - by developed country observers as well as developing country theoreticians and
practitioners.6 On the ground, Mahalanobis in India, Prebisch in Latin America and visiting
economists in many African economies introduced Development Plans (see e.g. Killick,
1976). Economic policies promoted savings and investment, through state investment
especially in the very underdeveloped infrastructure, and the encouragement of foreign
investment; import-substituting industrialisation was adopted with high tariffs and other
import restrictions; the state was given a major role in determining economic priorities via
price and import controls, investment planning and sometimes as a producer.

In most countries, the state, continued to be organised in a P/C mode - adapting rather than
transforming the Colonial state. As Young puts it: “Although we commonly described the
independent polities as ‘new states’, in reality they were successors to the colonial regime,
inheriting its structures, its quotidian routines and practices, and its more normative theories
of governance.......In short , what Mbembe terms a
principe autoritaire informed the inner

ethos of the postcolonial state”. (Young, p285,287). One party states were common, and
democracy rare: “development became a top-down agenda enforced on the peasantry”
(Mamdani, p288). Extreme examples include the Tanzanian villagisation project and the
centralised despotism of Mobutu’s Congo. In Senegal ”the state aims more and more at
direct administrative, ideological and political control over the dominated masses, be they
urban or rural” (Copans, p 248). A fairly authoritarian approach was adopted, with some
modifications, even in the more democratic countries - e.g. India and the West Indies.

In line with the prevailing economic philosophy and the nature of the state, economic policies
were designed largely in a P/C mode, with planning centrally directed, although there was
also much COOP rhetoric; financial incentives were also used to help bring about the desired

6 For example, although the policy prescriptions advocated by Fei and Ranis were not as
strongly interventionist as many of the writings of the time, they accepted that 'The need for
development planning is well recognised' ( Fei and Ranis, 1964, p199).

18



More intriguing information

1. Language discrimination by human newborns and by cotton-top tamarin monkeys
2. Subduing High Inflation in Romania. How to Better Monetary and Exchange Rate Mechanisms?
3. Multiple Arrhythmogenic Substrate for Tachycardia in a
4. Concerns for Equity and the Optimal Co-Payments for Publicly Provided Health Care
5. The name is absent
6. Portuguese Women in Science and Technology (S&T): Some Gender Features Behind MSc. and PhD. Achievement
7. The name is absent
8. Rent-Seeking in Noxious Weed Regulations: Evidence from US States
9. Enterpreneurship and problems of specialists training in Ukraine
10. Transport system as an element of sustainable economic growth in the tourist region
11. Multimedia as a Cognitive Tool
12. The name is absent
13. Integrating the Structural Auction Approach and Traditional Measures of Market Power
14. LAND-USE EVALUATION OF KOCAELI UNIVERSITY MAIN CAMPUS AREA
15. Educational Inequalities Among School Leavers in Ireland 1979-1994
16. Global Excess Liquidity and House Prices - A VAR Analysis for OECD Countries
17. The name is absent
18. TECHNOLOGY AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT: THE CASE OF PATENTS AND FIRM LOCATION IN THE SPANISH MEDICAL INSTRUMENTS INDUSTRY.
19. 09-01 "Resources, Rules and International Political Economy: The Politics of Development in the WTO"
20. Testing Panel Data Regression Models with Spatial Error Correlation