Anglo-American Relations Before 1580 63
expressed a desire to go to the country of his visitors’ origin;
certainly there is none of the callousness of French kidnap-
ping involved. For as surety for the return of the Brazihan
king Hawkins left a member of his party with the Indians in
South America, a Plymouth man named Martin Cockeram.
Hakluyt’s description of the arrival of the Brazilian mon-
arch (whose name is nowhere recorded) is well known and
delightful: being arrived in England he “was brought up to
London and presented to K. Henry the 8, lying as then at
White-hall: at the sight of whom the King and all the No-
bilitie did not a Iitle marvaile, and not without cause: for
in his cheekes were holes made according to their savage
maner, and therein small bones were planted, standing an
inch out from the said holes, which in his owne Countrey
was reputed for a great braverie. He had also another hole
in his nether lip, wherein was set a precious stone about tire
bignes of a pease: All his apparel, behaviour, and gesture,
were very strange to the beholders.”
The Brazilian remained in England for nearly a year, until
such time as Hawkins was ready with his third expedition
to Brazil; King Henry, we are told, was “fully satisfied” with
the sight of his tame royal brother. So Hawkins, as he had
promised, took the visitor aboard his ship and sailed again
to Brazil; but the strange king never arrived there. “By
change of aire and alteration of diet”—we may note that as
yet it does not occur to the narrator to blame the debilitating
effects of civilization9—“the said Savage king died at sea.
. . .” This untoward circumstance naturally caused Hawkins
and his party some concern; it was thought unlikely that
Martin Cockeram would ever see England again. But the
wisdom of Hawkins’s treatment of the natives in his earlier
visits paid dividends: ". . . The Savages being fully per-