Appendix
Table A1. Relationship between upward mobility and business ownership. Results for marginal
effects based on pooled probit estimations of yearly transitions, for two definitions of
owners of small businesses. Quintile and decile specifications, standard errors in
parentheses
|
Quintile specification |
Decile specification | |||
|
Owners of small |
Owners of small |
Owners of small |
Owners of small | |
|
Ownership of small |
0.051 (4.1×10-4) |
0.055 (4.0×10-4) |
0.035 (2.9×10-4) |
0.038 (2.8×10-4) |
|
Age |
-3.3×10-4 (1.0×10-5) |
-3.1×10-4 (1.0×10-5) |
7.2×10-5 (9.3×10-6) |
7.7×10-5 (9.1×10-6) |
|
Male |
0.039 (2.1×10-4) |
0.037 (2.1×10-4) |
0.023 (1.3×10-4) |
0.021 (1.3×10-4) |
|
Married |
-0.008 (2.1×10-4) |
-0.008 (2.0×10-4) |
-3.6×10-4 (1.3×10-4) |
-5.6×10-4 (1.2×10-4) |
|
Dummy for children |
0.018 (1.0×10-4) |
0.018 (1.0×10-4) |
0.007 (1.2×10-4) |
0.006 (1.2×10-4) |
|
Urban areas |
0.016 (2.1×10-4) |
0.016 (2.0×10-4) |
0.010 (1.3×10-4) |
0.010 (1.3×10-4) |
|
Not born W-Europe, |
-0.012 (4.7×10-4) |
-0.012 (4.7×10-4) |
-0.008 (2.6×10-4) |
-0.008 (2.6×10-4) |
|
Length of education |
0.009 (4.2×10-5) |
0.009 (4.2×10-5) |
0.005 (2.4×10-5) |
0.005 (2.5×10-5) |
|
General progr. |
0.007 (5.6×10-4) |
0.007 (5.5×10-4) |
0.007 (4.2×10-4) |
0.007 (4.2×10-4) |
|
Humanities and arts |
-5.9×10-4 (4.7×10-4) |
-6.9×10-4 (4.7×10-4) |
0.002 (3.4×10-4) |
0.001 (3.3×10-4) |
|
Teacher training and |
-0.021 (3.3×10-4) |
-0.021 (3.3×10-4) |
-0.011 (2.0×10-4) |
-0.011 (2.0×10-4) |
|
Social sciences and |
-0.019 (3.5×10-4) |
-0.019 (3.5×10-4) |
-0.010 (2.2×10-4) |
-0.009 (2.1×10-4) |
|
Business and |
0.008 (5.2×10-4) |
0.008 (5.1×10-4) |
0.008 (3.9×10-4) |
0.008 (3.8×10-4) |
|
Natural sciences |
0.002 (4.7×10-4) |
0.002 (4.6×10-4) |
0.003 (3.2×10-4) |
0.003 (3.2×10-4) |
|
Health, welfare and |
-0.007 (4.6×10-4) |
-0.007 (4.6×10-4) |
-4.4×10-4 (3.5×10-4) |
-3.1×10-4 (3.4×10-4) |
|
Primary industries |
-0.009 (4.6×10-4) |
-0.009 (4.5×10-4) |
-0.002 (3.4×10-4) |
-0.002 (3.3×10-4) |
|
Transport and |
0.005 (6.1×10-4) |
0.005 (6.0×10-4) |
0.003 (4.1×10-4) |
0.003 (4.0×10-4) |
31
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