Experience, Innovation and Productivity - Empirical Evidence from Italy's Slowdown

Traditional sectors with lower Ateco 1991 code, i.e. Food and Beverages, Textiles, Clothes,
Tobacco, tend to be underrepresented with respect to the original Capitalia sample, as we can see
from Figure A2. In any case if we consider High-Tech versus the others, there is an independent
distribution of frequencies in and out of sample (Pearson chi-square(1) test = 0.3952 with p-
value=0.530).

We then run a two-sample t test with equal variances to test for equality of average firm age
between the two groups (in-sample, out-sample). The results highlight that firms outside the sample
are on average 3 years older, and the difference in means is statistically significant.

Figure A 2. Distribution of firms by Ateco 1991 classification, in and out-sample

Distribution of firms by Sectors in and out of sample

out of sample I I in-sample

Degrees of freedom: 4037

30

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