An institutional analysis of sasi laut in Maluku, Indonesia

BAPPEDA has to date largely concerned itself with the expansion of fisheries rather than
with management or conservation. This department is also in charge of environmental impact
assessment. However, assessments that do occur are typically very narrow, not cross-sectoral.

In Maluku, attempts to rationalize the fisheries development policy have led BAPPEDA to develop
the concept called “Gugus Pulau and Laut Pulau”. Under this scheme, the province is divided up
into eight clusters of islands (the Gugus Pulau), with the Laut Pulau being the areas of open sea
between these clusters. To date, these divisions are only poorly defined areas on paper, not
operational management units. One problem facing provincial planners is that administrative
boundaries of districts and sub-districts do not coincide with ecological boundaries.

Among its many tasks, BAPPEDA oversees fisheries development project planning. However,
much of BAPPEDA’s energy tends to be directed to large development projects such as the
World Bank-funded COREMAP rather than to smaller programs such as fisheries development
and project evaluation. Once the planning of a fisheries project has been completed by
BAPPEDA, it goes to the Fisheries Agency for implementation. This agency also considers
economic development as its first priority. In practice, there is no coordinating body focused
on coastal and marine resource management and protection.

The various agencies and institutions involved in the fishery resource management system in
Maluku can be classified into two major groups and both groups are coordinated through
BAPPEDA (Table 6.1). Group I is the group of institutions directly involved in fisheries
activities and deals with supplying skilled human resources in the marine and maritime areas;
supplying maritime facilities such as ships, harbors, and other equipment; facilitating training;
and providing necessary funding, according to formal regulations. Group II is a group of
institutions that deals with marine and fishery problems as a subset of their duties. In addition
to these is the national research institute, LIPI, which provides information to policy makers.
LIPI has a regional research center in Ambon.

Table 6.1. Government bodies involved in fisheries management at the provincial level.

Twenty-six key respondents from various governmental institutions involved directly and
indirectly in the process of fisheries development and management at provincial and lower
levels were interviewed to identify the roles, strengths and weaknesses of each agency. The
results are presented in Appendix 5. Roles were tabulated under the following management
functions: 1) information gathering and provision, 2) project planning, 3) project
implementation, 4) evaluation of projects (physical and legal aspects), 5) enforcement of
fisheries law, 6) funding of projects, 7) routine fisheries policy implementation, and 8) issuing
permits and licenses and collection of taxes and fees.

60 An Institutional Analysis of Sasi Laut in Maluku, Indonesia

<<   <   73   74   75   76   77   78   79   >   >>