less efficient countries could bring down the inequality in energy intensity7. On
the other hand, although there exist differences in energy transformation
efficiency across countries, they are of lower magnitude. However, these results
could be concealing different patterns among the different regions of the world,
which could distort the previous interpretations. In that vein, we extended the
previous decomposition to group components when accounting for the nine
groups of countries defined by the IAE. Table 3 below gives the results for
inequality among the different countries considered.
Table 3. Multiplicative factorial decomposition of inter-group global
inequalities of energy intensity.
|
Energy |
Transformation |
Final use |
Interaction | |
|
1971 |
0.0765 |
0.0026 |
0.0823 |
-0.0084 |
|
(59.7%) |
(3.4%) |
(107.6%) |
(-10.9%) | |
|
1975 |
0.0824 |
0.0016 |
0.0855 |
-0.0047 |
|
(64.9%) |
(2.0%) |
(103.8%) |
(-5.7%) | |
|
1980 |
0.0706 |
0.0014 |
0.0763 |
-0.0072 |
|
(61.9%) |
(2.0%) |
(108.2%) |
(-10.2%) | |
|
1985 |
0.0565 |
0.0015 |
0.0600 |
-0.0050 |
|
(60.4%) |
(2.7%) |
(106.1%) |
(-8.8%) | |
|
1990 |
0.0742 |
0.0009 |
0.0769 |
-0.0036 |
|
(70.6%) |
(1.2%) |
(103.7%) |
(-4.9%) | |
|
1995 |
0.0591 |
0.0008 |
0.0582 |
0.0001 |
|
(67.6%) |
(1.4%) |
(98.5%) |
(0.1%) | |
|
2000 |
0.0452 |
0.0006 |
0.0406 |
0.0039 |
|
(65.2%) |
(1.4%) |
(89.9%) |
(8.7%) | |
|
2006 |
0.0368 |
0.0013 |
0.0308 |
0.0048 |
|
(61.5%) |
(3.5%) |
(83.6%) |
(12.9%) |
7 However, the impact of these measures on global energy intensity inequality could be limited if
there were an increasing sector specialization of countries. Duro et al. (2010) found that sector
specialization becomes increasingly important in explaining the inequality of energy intensity.
11