question was about the nature of payment by the landholder to the state - whether it was to be considered
kharaj or rent because this would have determined their status as landowner or cultivator.
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[*] Dr Islahi is Professor of Economics, at the King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah. The present
paper is a part of author’s on going research on Muslim Economic Thinking in the 10th/16th
Century, financed by the Deanship of Scientific Research, King Abdulaziz University, which is
thankfully acknowledged.