Making International Human Rights Protection More Effective: A Rational-Choice Approach to the Effectiveness of Ius Standi Provisions



on the procedural provisions is provided in the figure below, which is explained in more detail in
the following.91

Treaty body

Procedural
Provisions

CCPR

CERD

CEDAW

CAT

ECtHR

African
Court

African
Com.

Amer.
Syst.
Com.

Amer.
Syst.
Court

Complaint
mandatory

+

+

+

Binding decision

+

+

+

Initiation
motu proprio

+

+

+

+

Individual
complaint

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

Legal Persons

+

+

+

+ (J)

+ (J)

Joinder

+ (J)

+

+

+ (J)

+

+

+

+

+

Group Complaint

+

+

+

+

+

Class Action

Victim
requirement

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

Potential Violation

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

Actio Popularis

?

+

Altruistic NGO

+

+

+

+

Complaint
without consent
of victims

(--)

+

+

+

+

Legal aid

+

Legal cost
recovery (apart
from damages)

+

Fig. 2: Standing requirements in IHRL
J = Not in Text, but in Jurisprudence

91 See for short overviews also Comparative summary of existing communications and inquiry procedures and
practices under international human rights instruments and under the United Nations system, Report of the
Secretary-General, E/CN.4/2005/WG.23/2 of 22 November 2004, Commission on Human Rights at its 61th
session, available at:

<http://daccessdds.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/G04/166/07/PDF/G0416607.pdf?OpenElement>

and Comparative summary of existing communications and inquiry procedures and practices under
international human rights instruments and under the Charter of the United Nations, Report of the Secretary-
General, U.N. Doc E/CN.6/1997/4 of 21 January 1997, Commission on the Status of Women at its 41th
session, 10-21 March 1997, available at: <
http://www.un.org/documents/ecosoc/cn6/1997/ecn61997-4.htm>.

23



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