The name is absent



The impact of a child’s background                                       29

Home learning environment                                           29

Variations in centre effectiveness                                             30

The impact of pre-school - quantity and quality                             31

Ratios and staff qualifications                                                   31

Children who did not experience pre-school                                        32

Section 7                                                                           34

Case studies of practice

Findings                                                                         35

Management and staff                                              35

Ethos and climate of the settings                                           35

Analyses of the quantitative findings with the qualitative case
studies data                                                               36

Adult-child interactions                                                       36

Differentiation and formative assessment                                   37

Discipline and adult support in talking through conflicts                       37

Parental partnership                                                       37

Pedagogy                                                            38

Knowledge of the curriculum and child development                       38

Section 8                                                                           39

The effects of pre-school on children’s attainment and progress up to the end
of Year One

The impact of a child’s background                                              40

Home learning environment                                                  40

The continued impact of pre-school - Duration, quality and effectiveness            40

Children with no pre-school experience                                            40

Section 9                                                                          42

Did pre-school experience lead to lasting gains in cognitive and
social/behavioural development to the end of KS 1?

The impact of a child’s background                                              42

Home learning environment                                                  43

The continued impact of pre-school - Duration, quality and effectiveness            43

Children who do not experience pre-school                                      44

Section 10                                                                         46

Children ‘at risk’ of Special Educational Needs

Aims                                                                46

The sample                                                             47

Methodology                                                            47

Concepts of Special Educational Need (SEN) and ‘risk’ for SEN                   47

Distribution of ‘at risk’ children across different types of pre-school
providers                                                                        48

SEN status at school                                                          48

Characteristics of children identified in different ‘at risk’ categories                    49

The impact of pre-school on ‘at risk’ status                                           51

Movement ‘in’ and ‘out’ of ‘risk’ by pre-school type                                   51

Pre-school centre quality, progress and development                              52

Parents’ perceptions and experiences of SEN                                    52

Summary and policy implications                                               53



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