The Employment Impact of Differences in Dmand and Production



Table 4. Jobs Retained Within the Sector and the Extent of the Spillovers to the Rest of the Economy
(shares)

Retained in
Manuf.

Spillovers from
Manufacturing to

Retained in
Services

Spillovers from
Services to

Manuf.

Services

Manuf.

Services

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

US

1997

050

0J9

031

0.71

ÔJÔ

020

1990

0.51

0.21

0.28

0.72

0.09

0.18

1977

0.52

0.24

0.24

0.73

0.12

0.15

UK

1998

0.57

0.16

0.27

0.72

0.07

0.21

1990

0.54

0.15

0.31

0.72

0.07

0.21

1979

0.56

0.20

0.24

0.76

0.10

0.14

GERMANY

1995

0.58

0.18

0.24

0.78

0.08

0.14

1990

0.57

0.20

0.23

0.78

0.09

0.14

1978

0.59

0.24

0.16

0.74

0.14

0.12

FRANCE

1995

0.57

0.18

0.25

0.84

0.06

0.10

1990

0.53

0.16

0.31

0.81

0.05

0.14

1977

0.58

0.21

0.22

0.81

0.08

0.1 1

NL

1997

0.59

0.13

0.29

0.77

0.06

0.18

1986

0.65

0.15

0.20

0.83

0.05

0.12

1977

0.66

0.18

0.16

0.83

0.07

0.1 1

SPAIN

1995

0.55

0.21

0.24

0.76

0.1 1

0.13

1990

0.62

0.21

0.17

0.75

0.13

0.12

1980

0.62

0.24

0.14

0.69

0.20

0.1 1

Manufacturing comprises: Agriculture (ISIC 1), Mining and Quarrying (ISIC 2), Manufacturing (ISIC3), Public Utilities
(ISIC 4), and Construction (ISIC 5). Services comprise: Wholesale Retail and Trade, Hotel and Restaurants (ISIC 6),
Transport and Communications (ISIC 7), Finance and Insurance, Real Estate and Business Services (ISIC 8), and
Community and Personal Services (ISIC 9).

80



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