A multistate demographic model for firms in the province of Gelderland

inversely related to the variances of the estimates. The algorithm uses the Fisher’s
scoring method and the Newton-Raphson method reduce to the same algorithm.

The expected death rate may be written as follows:

λ_xtc / L_xtc =κα_xβ_tτ_c expγZxtc
where the parameters are restricted as follows: α1=1, βt=1 and τc = 1 and κ is an overall
scale parameter. Alternative restrictions may be used.

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