Janeiro. Its major drawback is the lack of integration with surrounding areas because of difficulties in
different sectors hindering production complementarity at a regional level.
Cuiaba (MT) is the only state capital classified as an LIA, with a relatively low industrial product
level related to agribusiness industries. The strong agricultural base in the surrounding areas is an
indication of potential dynamism and production complementarity between manufacture and
agriculture. Other LIAs include municipalities that also have a strong agribusiness base: Chapeco (SC)
and Uberlândia (MG) which, as well as a dynamic agribusiness industry in their surrounding areas, are
home to type A companies that account for approximately 50% of each agglomeration’s industrial
product.
A more complex case is Juiz de Fora's LIA in the State of Minas Gerais. Besides having a
relatively small industrial base and showing the prevalence of type B companies, it has achieved no
production specialization, which is an obstacle to drawing on potentials found in nearby areas.
The ten concentrated income enclaves (EI-CI) are most significant, since they account for 5% of
Brazil’s industrial product. However, they make up a heterogeneous set of agglomerations, including
the Federal District and five state capitals: Aracaju, Goiânia, Maceio, Manaus and Sao Luis. Manaus
industrial agglomeration stands out as it has a product similar to that of major metropolitan
agglomerations, such as Curitiba and Salvador, and is home to companies of an importance comparable
to those found in agglomerations in the South region and in the State of Sao Paulo.
The remaining four agglomerations are located in medium-sized cities, some in areas of
subsistence farming, having little chance of promoting regional production integration, such as Montes
Claros (MG), Governador Valadares (MG) and Sobral (CE). Barreiras (BA), which is the hub of a
region experiencing expansion of modern agribusiness, has good chance of achieving agro-industrial
integration with surrounding areas.
The set of low-income industrial enclaves (IE-LI) is also heterogeneous, but with the difference
that it holds a small share in the industrial product, of only 1%. Type B companies comprise it
predominantly, with the exception of Dourados Enclave which, in turn, ranks lowest in industrial
product among the eight enclaves identified. Worth noting is the relatively minor role of Belém
agglomeration and the outstanding participation of two mineral extraction agglomerates in Niquelândia
(GO) and Maraba (PA), where Carajas Mineral Complex is situated.
In the next section, spatial econometric models will be estimated in order to capture the
relationship between the industrial agglomerations and the basic characteristics of the economic space,
characterized by certain indicators.
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