Deprivation Analysis in Declining Inner City Residential Areas: A Case Study From Izmir, Turkey.

commonly, this situation becomes more serious when the whole household is taken into account; as shown
in table 30 below, the ratio increases from 50.8 percent to 61.4 percent.

It is clear that, the district has not a health clinic as well as the other types of facilities. Although the
mukhtar have attempted to health clinic to be established within the district, he could not make the
authorities to accept this request. Whereas the health clinic, which is responsible from the health services of
the district’s population, is located at the Namazgah District. Therefore, most of the population complains
about the distance of the health clinic to their houses. So 75.4 % of the population states that they could not
make use of the health clinic.

Table 30: The Distribution of Social Insurance of Household Heads and Members

Besides health clinic, the level of utilization of the general health services of the research population is
examined. As similar to the findings about the need for health clinic, 76.9 % of the population feel
themselves deprived of the health services.

As Noble et al (2003:20) state, the main purpose of the education domain is to measure “the key
educational characteristics of the local area that might contribute to the overall level of deprivation and
disadvantage”. Education is very critical point in occurrence or continuation of deprivation, because it is
closely related to the occupational structure, and thus, to income level.

Therefore, it is important to begin with investigation of the general educational structure of the
population using the table 47 below. This investigation consists of three main age groups: the first is 7-14
age group that include the children in the age of primary school; the second is 15-20 age group that include
the young individuals; and, the third is 21-71+ age group including mostly adult individuals.

Regarding the educational situations of 7-14 age group, it is determined that all of the individuals within
this group are attending to primary school. This indicates that the parents within the population give a spatial
importance to the education of their children, especially when they are in the primary school ages. During
the face-to-face interviews, most of the families who have children in the primary school ages expressed
their desire that they would support their children’s education as far as they could afford.

The second group, which includes 15-20 ages, presents different structure compared to the first group. In
this group, illiterate female ratio (35,7) is striking while this ratio is 10% within the male group. This
difference indicates that there was a negative tendency regarding the female children’s attendance to school
in the past. As to the education level of third group, the rate of illiterate females, who are within the interval
of 21-71+ age female group, is very striking; it is 39.3 %. In addition, the ratio of female children graduated
from primary school is 38.2 %. Totally, the ratio of females who are illiterate and graduated from primary
school within whole females arises to 77.5 percent. Finally, according to the general evaluation of the
population, literacy rate is measured as 70 percent; the rate of high school as 7 percent; and that of university
2 percent. As it is seen, while the level of education increases, the rate of attendance to education of the
population decreases. One of the fundamental reasons of this situation can be explained by the economic
inabilities. The individuals especially above15 age male group is seen as economically active person, so they
may prefer to work instead of attending to high school or university.

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