leather industry, wood, paper and printing branch and machinery and equipment industry. By 1998 only
the last one kept a relative homogeneous spatial distribution.
Indicators of geographic concentration of industries industrial output
In 1992 the highest geographical concentrations were shown by those branches in which
Budapest had an absolute dominance (wood, paper and printing products, chemical industry, machinery
and equipment). Six years later we could find those industries among the geographically most
concentrated, where the weight of Budapest was still very high.
In 1992 on the basis of the Herfidahl index, the other manufacturing, recycling and the food,
beverages and tobacco products showed the lowest absolute geographical concentrations. In 1998 the
least concentrated branches were still the food, beverages and tobacco and recently the textile, wearing
apparel, leather industry, the non-metallic branch also belongs here.
In 1992 machinery and equipment had a low relative concentration, which, similarly to the
overall industrial production, was concentrated in Budapest. The electricity and the textile, wearing
apparel, leather industry and the relatively evenly located food, beverages and tobacco branch shows also
low relative concentration. In 1998 the lowest relative concentration could be seen in the case of the other
manufacturing and recycling.
Changes in geographic concentration of industries employment
Considering the period between 1992 and 1998 we can say that the indexes show an increasing
geographic concentration and stability in certain branches of industry. Examining the 1992-98 period it
can be stated that from the enlisted branches only the index of non-metallic mineral products experienced
an increase. All in all the value of the index increased in five and decreased also in the case of five
branches.
|
(1992-98) |
Value of index has grown or not changed |
Value of index has decreased |
|
Index>0,5 |
Mining and quarrying; Chemical industry | |
|
Index = <0,5 (1992) |
Textile, wearing apparel, leather products; Wood, |
Food, beverages and tobacco products; |
In export
The value of the absolute geographical concentration of the industrial export did not change, and
it hardly showed any increase in a relative sense (1.1 times). During the six-year long period the biggest
increase in the Herfindahl index could be experienced in the case of mining and quarrying and of the
electricity branch. The greatest fall in the absolute geographic concentration was seen in the formerly
strongly Budapest-centred wood, paper and printing production, machinery and equipment and chemical
industry and also in the Veszprém-centred non-metallic mineral products.
If we look at the changes happening during the period in question, besides the food beverages
and tobacco industry concentrating in Hajdù-Bihar, we can also see a considerable rise in a relative sense
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