the differentiation4 process, which as a rule begins with specialisation caused by
disintegration and decentralisation. Thus the old set-ups are abandoned and the
surrounding for new ideas and new mutual relations is created. Differentiation enables
creation of new production/service centres, new cultural centres, as well as new political
centres among which there are both competitive and cooperative relations. This
normally refers to a smaller number of totally possible units (leaders), while other time-
lag units are followers on the same track. Differentiation as such does not only make
space for decentralisation, but also for democratisation of society as a whole. As a
functional process on which development is based, it is also called inclusion, and it
includes a growing part of strata in particular decision-making levels. Thereby
adaptation to new situations and new events and enhancement of adaptation capacities
are underlined as basic values in the neo-evolutional theory. It is generally achieved
through competence, specialisation, professionalism and technological advancement.
Taking into account what has been said so far, as well as the character of this paper, it
is necessary to highlight the subject of development and development goal as first value
elements. Development has to do with the development subject in the first place, which
puts in the foreground the question of the subject’s own perception. This practically
means the following: »I measure what it was like to me« and in what way what I have
relate to what I expect, hope for and want. On the other hand, development goal is not
mere daydreaming about what I might have, but is essentially related to own capacity
and adopted and shaped capabilities to join the development process properly. This
brings us to a dilemma how to lay out possible development courses, while avoiding
»blindness of excessive closeness«, how to settle the issues like non-existence of
social consensus over the role of the state, technological development, etc. but also
how to create premises for a true perception of one’s own reality.
With this as a starting point, local strategic action planning should respect the following
factors:
• National objectives which should not be so large in number as clearly designed
• Need to solve acute problems
• Necessity to make sure that scientific/practical possibilities are realised, instead
of basing the entire concept on production improvement only
• Necessity to decentralise the society, so as to create strong local research
groups.
4 The most important differentiation area being isolation of an individual as a citizen with fundamental rights
(the right to civil freedom - freedom of consciousness, opinion, speech, freedom of ownership, freedom of
political self-organisation, and the like)