Fighting windmills? EU industrial interests and global climate negotiations

CO2 per ton ranging from 9.2$ (in the 15 years and 3% case) to 29.8$ (in the 10
years and 5% case) will make windmills competitive compared to conventional
energy production. This result makes it easier to analyse when windmills will
gain comparative advantages.

Table 2: Implicit price of CO2

Reproduced from Hansen et al (2002), table 4, page 16.

Concerning the marginal costs of implementing the Kyoto-target, Table 3
shows estimates under the two policy options used in figure 2.

Table 3: Estimates of marginal costs of implementing the Kyoto-protocol

a) The marginal costs of meeting the Kyoto target with unlimited access to
flexible mechanisms.

b) The marginal costs of meeting the Kyoto target when no flexible mecha-
nisms are feasible.

Note, that a large variation in the estimates presented in Table 3 exists. Thus,
the comparison of numbers in table 2 and 3 should only be thought of as indica-

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