established.
The Anglo-Indians were Anglicists, supporting Western
knowledge and English. (5) The controversy between those
who supported Hindu and Muslim learning and those who
supported Western knowledge and English arose and the
controversy dominated the educational scene between 1833
and 1840. (6)
The next section describes the missionary inputs which were
subject to the more relaxed policies of the British. The
section presents a comparison of the specific effect of the
missionary schooling input on achievement for Indian
students and Anglo-Indian students.
2.1. The rise of Indian education and the decline of Anglo-
Indian education.
In 1833, the Charter Act was passed, marking a new
departure in missionary education in India. This Act
officially encouraged the Christian missionaries from
Europe and America to build schools and spread
Christianity. The focal point of their work was in the
Madras Presidency. The missionaries felt confident that
English education would prove to be an effective instrument
for conversion to Christianity. (7)
Between 1837 and 1852 Christian Colleges were started by
missionaries all over British India. Most of these, to
all intents and purposes, were institutions for Anglo-
Indian students. Indians were also taught English in these
schools, and there grew a thirst for western knowledge
among the Indians . (8)
The Indians saw this educational encounter as the
inevitability of progress towards understanding western
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