A THEORETICAL GROWTH MODEL FOR IRELAND
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of labour mobility (i.e., the higher is ⅞) and the greater the degree of capital
mobility (i.e., the lower is Φ2), the greater the effect of these shocks on long-
run equilibrium GNP.
Figure 1: Outcome of a Labour-Market Shock, with Low and
High Labour Mobility
III THE FORMAL MODEL
We try to write down a simple, parsimonious model which can capture the
main internal and external channels of importance in the Irish growth of the
1990s. As discussed above, the essential features of the analysis are a
combination of high capital mobility (in the form of FDI) and labour mobility.
We simplify by assuming that all capital accumulation is financed by foreign
borrowing (and hence owned by foreign investors). Domestic residents receive
and consume only their wage income. While this is obviously an extreme
assumption, nothing of consequence in our analysis depends on it, and it has
the benefit of allowing us to highlight the gap between national output and
national income, or GDP and GNP, a distinction that is of great importance for
the Irish economy.
The structure of the model is as follows. Throughout we will assume just
one sector of production, which uses capital and labour. All capital represents
FDI, and must earn a given world rate of return plus a country specific risk
premium. Labour supply comes from domestic households. Households are
assumed to make a choice between supplying labour in the home economy, at