SLA RESEARCH ON SELF-DIRECTION: THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ISSUES



will give coherence to the whole programme. This step is usually identified as the
elaboration of the study plan. The next step involves making decisions about the methods
and techniques that appear to be the most appropriate to achieve the learning goals. For this
step, it is necessary that the learner identify her learning style and the strategies that suit her
best. For Holec, the fourth step, monitoring the acquisition procedures, consists of the
decision on the most suitable time and place for the learning process to take place. The last
level of decisions involves the evaluation of both, product, i.e. what has been learned in
reference to personal thresholds and, process, in terms of the effectiveness of the decisions
taken at the other four levels.

PREPARATION
OF
DECISION

DECISION
MAKING

Agent:

the learner


Agent:
the learner,
with or without:

-educator

-adviser
-teacher
-materials

-etc.

LEARNING TO LEARN


LEARNING


Fig. 2.1 Two stages in the self-directed learning scheme (Based on Holec;1996)

I found that the content and philosophy of the two courses that Holec prepared for
the Mexican teachers in 1993 are very well synthesised in a paper published in 1996, where
Holec summarises the basic principles of self direction in language learning. To start with,
he states that in a self-directed learning scheme "all the decisions concerning the learning
programme are the responsibility of the learner himself' (1996,89). However, he

19



More intriguing information

1. The name is absent
2. Implementation of a 3GPP LTE Turbo Decoder Accelerator on GPU
3. The Impact of Optimal Tariffs and Taxes on Agglomeration
4. NATIONAL PERSPECTIVE
5. The name is absent
6. Enterpreneurship and problems of specialists training in Ukraine
7. A Rare Presentation of Crohn's Disease
8. The name is absent
9. The name is absent
10. The name is absent
11. Accurate and robust image superresolution by neural processing of local image representations
12. The name is absent
13. Cross-Country Evidence on the Link between the Level of Infrastructure and Capital Inflows
14. The name is absent
15. Disentangling the Sources of Pro-social Behavior in the Workplace: A Field Experiment
16. Food Prices and Overweight Patterns in Italy
17. The name is absent
18. CURRENT CHALLENGES FOR AGRICULTURAL POLICY
19. ARE VOLATILITY EXPECTATIONS CHARACTERIZED BY REGIME SHIFTS? EVIDENCE FROM IMPLIED VOLATILITY INDICES
20. On the Existence of the Moments of the Asymptotic Trace Statistic