Sectoral Energy- and Labour-Productivity Convergence



Table 2 Unconditional β-convergence

Energy

Implied λ

Labour

βE

R2

βL

R2

Implied λ

Total

- 0.0368

(0.0246)

0.03

0.0075

- 0.1138***

(0.0218)

0.30

0.0242

Agriculture

- 0.3227***

(0.0598)

0.33

0.0779

- 0.0575*

(0.0300)

0.03

0.0118

Services

- 0.1432***

(0.0424)

0.26

0.0309

- 0.1445***

(0.0300)

0.44

0.0312

Transport

- 0.0827**

(0.0312)

0.12

0.0173

- 0.1046**

(0.0465)

0.10

0.0221

Manufacturing

- 0.1524***

(0.0459)

0.16

0.0331

- 0.0392

(0.0324)

0.00

0.0080

Chemicals

- 0.0190

(0.0436)

0.01

0.0038

- 0.1027***

(0.0366)

0.12

0.0217

Food and Tobacco

- 0.0782**

(0.0385)

0.07

0.0163

- 0.1058**

(0.0401)

0.12

0.0224

Iron and Steel

- 0.0442

(0.0557)

0.01

0.0090

- 0.1060*

(0.0461)

0.05

0.0224

Machinery

- 0.1729***

(0.0557)

0.17

0.0380

- 0.1263**

(0.0461)

0.12

0.0270

Transport Equipment

- 0.3082***

(0.0823)

0.21

0.0737

- 0.1480*

(0.0834)

0.07

0.0320

Non-Ferrous Metals

- 0.0153

(0.0617)

0.00

0.0031

- 0.0683

(0.0494)

0.03

0.0141

Non-Metallic Minerals

- 0.3156***

(0.0761)

0.24

0.0758

- 0.1459***

(0.0536)

0.12

0.0315

Paper, Pulp and Printing

- 0.0435

(0.0355)

0.03

0.0089

- 0.0755**

(0.0376)

0.06

0.0157

Textiles and Leather

- 0.3497***

(0.1020)

0.19

0.0861

- 0.1577***

(0.0433)

0.18

0.0343

Wood and Wood Products

Standard errors in parentheses.

- 0.0236

(0.0349)

Asterisks denote levels

0.01      0.0048

of significance: *** (1%),

- 0.1925***

(0.0381)

** (5%), * (10%).__________

0.29

0.0428

28



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