5th and 8th grade pupils’ and teachers’ perceptions of the relationships between teaching methods, classroom ethos, and positive affective attitudes towards learning mathematics in Japan



107

Table 4.1.12: Summary of the perceptions of 8th grade teachers

Enjoyment____________

Motivation______________

Asenseofsecurity

A sense of progress

Deployment__________

M=5

4≤M<5

Individual help

Individual help

Individual work

Individual help

Teacherexplanation
Individual work
Individual help

3<M<4

Practical work
Using a ∞mputer
Teacher explanation
Individual work
Individual help
Whole-class discussion
Group discussion_______

Practical work
Using a computer
Teacher explanation
Individual work
Whole-class discussion
Group discussion

Practical work
Using a ∞mputer
Reading a textbook
Teacher explanation
Individual work
Whole-class discussion
Group discussion_______

Practical work
Using a computer
Reading a textbook
Teacherexplanation
Whole-class discussion
Group discussion

Reading a textbook

2≤M<3

Reading a textbook

Reading a textbook

Whole-class discussion

Practical work__________

1<M<2

Group discussion
Using a computer

4.1.3: Descriptive statistics of the responses of 5th graders

Enjoyment

Table 4.1.13 and Figure 4.1.11 below show that 5th graders expressed neither
agreement nor disagreement (3<M<4) that Practical work, Using a computer, Teacher
explanation, Whole-class discussion, and Group discussion promoted their enjoyment in
learning mathematics. They disagreed (2<M<3) that Reading a textbook, Individual work
and Individual help promoted enjoyment. These differences were statistically significant.
Importantly, no teaching method overall was agreed or strongly agreed to promote
enjoyment, although there was a wide distribution of responses.

Table 4.1.13: Mean scores and Standard Deviation; enjoyment; perceptions of 5th

graders

Practical
Work
(PW)

Using a
Computer
(UC)

Reading a
Textbook
(RT)

Teacher
Explanation
(TE)

Individual
Work
(∣w)

Individual
Help
(∣H)___________

Whole-class
Discussion
(WD)

Group
Discussion
(GD)

N__

1479

1476

1475

1478

1479

1472

1479

1479

M

3.29

3.31

2.84

3.43

2.92

2.44

3.16

3.12

SD

1.33

1.56_________

1.18

1.23

1.32

1.23

1.21

1.23________

The result of a repeated measure ANOVA [F (8,11712)=86.48, p<. 01]

107



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