and the need for careful and history-aware planning practices) and by Moreno et al. (2004) who focus on
regional products (produits du terroir) as “material cultural heritage”.
6 The authors are aware that worship practices go beyond traditions and cultural practices. For instance, each
nation or region has different traditions for Christmas, but they are all part of the same religion. Treating
them as one category would not reflect an underlying diversity.
7 O. Etcheverra in Gravari-Barbas and Violer, op. cit., illustrates very well how the process of regional
identity building can be linked with ( or supported by) ‘produits du terroir’.
8 All data are referred to NUTS III units (the Spanish provinces). The Autonomous Communities of Melilla
and Ceuta, that are isolated city protectorates surrounded by Moroccan territory, have been excluded from
the analysis because they represent outliers. Unmovable heritage data come from the national data base of
protected unmovable heritage assets collected by the Ministry of Culture. These data are online in “query
form” in the website http://www.mcu.es/bases/spa/inmu/INMU.html. Five categories of assets are included:
monuments and sites; parks and gardens; architectural conjuncts; sites of historical significance and “places
of memory”; archaeological sites. Museums and collections data come from the national data base of Spanish
museums and collections of the Ministry of Culture. The data are downloadable from the website
http://www.mcu.es/museos/. Libraries data used come from the national data base of public libraries of the
Ministry of Culture. The data are published in the website.
9 Not included in this article.
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