Enterpreneurship and problems of specialists training in Ukraine

During the first years of Ukrainian independence the number of students of institutes of higher
education began to decline.

In 1991 the law of Ukraine “ About Education” was adopted, according to which: 1) there was
recognized the right to existence of non-state educational establishments; 2) there was established
that education could be obtained not only at the expenses of the state budget but also at the expenses
of local budget, budgets of the state ministries, enterprises, organizations and even at the expenses
of private individuals.

In 1992-93 there appeared a lot of non -state educational establishments, the majority of which due
to different reasons became unable to function and in two or three years ceased to exist.

According to the Ministry of Education of Ukraine, at the present time 132 non-state institutions of
higher education have obtained the right to provide educational services and have been chartered by
the State Register. There study 24000 students, or 6% from the number of students in state
institutions.

In 1993 state institutions of higher education obtained the right to accept more students than it
was established by the state order, which is still financed by the state budget, these students are
accepted on the basis of contracts (on the basis of payment). In 1994 state institutions of higher
education of the III-IV levels of accreditation accepted 6% of students on the basis of contracts.

Table 4 represents absolute and relative figures characterizing enrollment of students to the
state educational establishments of the III-IV levels of accreditation in 1995-97 years.

Table 4. Indicators of Enrollment of Students to the State Educational Establishments of the III-IV
Levels of Accreditation

As it follows from table 4 there is a steady tendency of increasing the number of students at the
Ukrainian institutions of higher education, this fact explains the soar of the curve at the Graph 1
from the point 1993/94 academic year. During the last three years the number of students who study
at the expense of the state budget declined in 22% at the same time the number of students who
study at the expense of private individuals and non-state organizations increased in about 3 times.

While comparing state and non-state institutions of higher education we can identify the
following peculiarities.

State institutions of higher education possess established technical-material base and infrastructure,
qualified teaching staff but at the same time they possess bulky system of management, substantial
financed and organizational dependencies on state executive organs, they are not able to respond
quickly to the changing demands of labor market. Under present circumstances, Ukrainian
Government can not fulfil all the provisions of the Law “ About Education” and invest 10% of
Gross National Product in the system of education. That is why wages of the teaching staff are low
(a professor’s salary is about 150 USD monthly) and constantly delayed 3-4 months, and there are
no funds for maintenance and development of the technical base . State Institutes of higher

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