|
Campbell et al. 1992 O’Hara 1983 O’Hara 1983 O’Hara 1983 O’Hara 1986 Richman et al 1991 Richman et al 1991 Richman et al 1991 Instrumental Support: |
*Inadequate emotional support, p<.01 *Less emotional support from confidants p=.02 *Less emotional support from mom p=.04 *Less emotional support p=.03 *Inadequate emotional support p<.01 Inadequate emotional r=.32, p<.001 Inadequate intimacy r=.31, p<.001 Inadequate reassurance r=.42, p<.001 |
|
Campbell et al. 1992 Collins et al. 1993 Collins et al. 1993 O’Hara 1983 O’Hara 1986 Paykel et al 1980 Richman et al 1991 Spousal Support: |
* Less help from husband at 2 months, p<.01 Less material support received r=.20, p<.05 Less satisfaction with material support r=.25 p<.05 *Less instrumental support p=.002 *Less instrumental support p<.05 Less help from husband p<.01 Less practical support r=.28, p<.01 |
|
Richman et al 1991 Spangenberg and Pieters 1991 Communication: |
Low spouse support r=.52, p<.001 Dissatisfaction with marital support p<.001 |
|
O’Hara 1983 Paykel et al 1980 Non-spousal Support: |
*Less communication p=.036 Poor communication with husband, p<.01 |
|
Cutrona and Troutman 1986 Kumar and Robson 1984 O’Hara 1983 Richman et al 1991 Richman et al 1991 Richman et al 1991 Spangenberg and Pieters 1991 Misc. support: |
Low social support p<.05 *Current problems in relationship with mom p<.01 *Confidants less available p=.014 Lack of father support r=.32, p<.01 Lack of mother support r=.31, p<.01 Other r=.22, p<.05 Dissatisfaction with social support p<.01 |
|
Richman et al 1991 Trotter et al 1992 Marriage: |
Low overall support, r=.41, p<.001 Lack of “doula” (supporting female) at birth p<.05 |
|
Affonso and Arizmendi 1986 Dimitrovsky et al 1987 Gotlib et al. 1991 Kumar and Robson 1984 Logsdon et al 1994 McGill et al 1995 O’Hara 1983 Whiffen 1988 |
Poor relationship with baby’s father r=.40, p<.01 Poor marital relation r=.27, p<.05 *Poor dyadic Adjustment p<.001 *Marital conflict p<.01 Poor postpartum closeness to husband p<.0002 Bad relationship PPD = 31%, ND = 4.5% *Marital problems p=.02 Poor prepartum marital adjustment/mood p<.001 |
Table 1: Studies that found a correlation between social support and marriage variables and PPD (*PPD assessed
by clinical diagnosis).