KNOWLEDGE EVOLUTION



Achla M. Raina (Linguistics), Prof. Amitabh Mukherjee (Computer Science) and Prof. Harish
Karnick (Computer Science). Finally, I would like to pay my gratitude to the reviewers of
SKASE Journal of Theoretical Linguistics, who have critically evaluated this article, and helped
to enrich the article with their invaluable suggestions.

2. In Support of our claim, we would like to recall a similar developmental situation, in geometry,
for an instance. It is not the case that prior to Euclid there was no geometry. History reveals the
fact that even before Euclid, there was geometry, though not in a well-ordered form of rational
enquiry, but as a collection of isolated geometrical facts, empirically discovered. It is Euclid, who
put all the previous findings into an
axiomatic form. But axioms are not necessarily self evident,
since nothing is sacrosanct about an axiom. Therefore, a quest for a self-evident geometry
continues its investigation, over the years, till the recent achievement of
non-Euclidean school,
(namely elliptic and hyperbolic geometries,) with the systematic violation of the axiomatic status
of the fifth postulation. We will conclude by arguing that non-Euclidean geometry, being a result
of the historical dialectics, in the field of rational enquiry, is an offshoot of early system of
geometrical knowledge, which is being augmented successively.

3. Here to substantiate our point we would like to quote Markman and Dietrich (2000), where
they have argued, “...the low level mediating states are not in error, but higher level states
introduce error in the process of inheriting the relevant information and making categorical
judgments”.

4. “. (reason) is shaped crucially by the peculiarities of our human bodies, by the remarkable
details of the neural structure of our brains, and by the specifics of our everyday functioning in
the world.” - Lakoff & Johnson (1999).

References:

BACKMAN, Carl A., CROMIE, Robert G. 1971. Introduction to the Concepts of Geometry.
New Jersey: Prentice Hall, Inc., 1971.

BRUNER, J. 1995. Meaning and Self in Cultural Perspective. In Bakhurst, D. and Sypnowich, C.
(eds.)
The Social Self. London: SAGE Publications Ltd., 1995, pp. 18-29.

CARTESII, Reneti. 1641. Meditationes de prima philosophia, in qua Dei existentia et animae
immortalitas demonstratur.
Bibliotheca Augustana: Electronic version Ulrich Harsch 1998/2000.
Available at: <
http://www.fh-aiigsbiirg.dc/~harsch/Chronologia/Lspost17/Dcscartcs/dcs intr.html>

CHOMSKY, Noam. 2002. Language and the brain. In Belletti, A. and Rizzi, L. (eds.) On Nature
and Language
. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002, pp. 61-91.

DESCARTES, Rene. 1996. Meditations on First philosophy (with Selections from the Objections
and Replies). Editted by Cottingham, J. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press., 1996.

FEIBLEMAN, James K. 1979. Assumptions of Grand Logics. Hague: Martinus Nijhoff., 1979.

HAACK, Susan. 1978. Philosophy of Logics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press., 1978.

JACKENDOFF, Ray. 2003. Foundations of Language. Oxford: Oxford University Press., 2003.

KATZ, Jerrold J. 1997. Semantics in Linguistics and Philosophy: An Intensionalist Perspective.
In Lappin, S. (ed.)
The Handbook of Contemporary Semantic Theory. Massachusetts : Blackwell
Publishers Ltd., 1997.

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