imaging system, the second part of this thesis implements a multi-pixel electrical
spatial modulator for terahertz beams using active terahertz metamaterials. The first
generation of this device consists of a 4×4 pixel array, where each pixel is an array
of sub-wavelength-sized split-ring resonator elements fabricated on a semiconductor
substrate, and is independently controlled by applying an external voltage. The
spatial modulator has a uniform modulation depth of around 40 percent across all
pixels, and negligible crosstalk, at the resonant frequency. The second-generation
spatial terahertz modulator, also based on metamaterials with a higher resolution
(32×32), is under development. A FPGA-based circuit is designed to control the large
number of modulator pixels. Once fully implemented, this second-generation device
will enable fast terahertz imaging with both pulsed and continuous-wave terahertz
sources.
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