Chapter 3
Table 3.1 Bulk fluid properties at 30oC
|
Bulk fluids |
Density (g∕ml) |
Viscosity (cP) |
T^2peak (S) |
Diffusivity |
|
Brine |
1.001 |
1.20 |
2.6 |
2.6 |
|
Diluted bitumen |
0.815 |
2.12 |
0.413 |
1.0 |
|
Solids free |
0.814 |
2.05 |
0.556 |
1.3 |
Here the demulsifiers are polyoxyethylene (EO)/ polyoxypropylene (PO)
alkylphenolformaldehyde resins (referred to as PR×) provided by Nalco Chemical
CO., with molecular weights around 3,500 Da and varying amounts of EO∕PO
groups in their structure (Table 3.2)[5] at constant EO/ PO ratio (3:1), which are
used as coalescers for the emulsion. The Solventforthe demulsifier is xylene. The
demulsifier solution contains 10 w.% PRx.
Table 3.2 EO∕PO content of phenolic resins PRx
|
Phenolic resin |
PRi |
PR2 |
PR3 |
PR4 |
PR5 |
PR6 |
|
EO∕PO in molecule (wt. %) |
25 |
33 |
41 |
46 |
54 |
66 |
3.5.2. Emulsion Preparation
Prior to emulsion preparation, different additives were added to aqueous
phase. In the emulsion preparation, 60 ml emulsion (oil∕water ratio 1.0, v∕v)
sample was prepared by mixing 30 ml 1.0 w.% NaCI brine and 30 ml diluted
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