The name is absent



Chapter 3

Table 3.1 Bulk fluid properties at 30oC

Bulk fluids

Density (g∕ml)

Viscosity (cP)

T^2peak (S)

Diffusivity
(10^9 m2∕s)

Brine

1.001

1.20

2.6

2.6

Diluted bitumen

0.815

2.12

0.413

1.0

Solids free
diluted bitumen

0.814

2.05

0.556

1.3

Here the demulsifiers are polyoxyethylene (EO)/ polyoxypropylene (PO)
alkylphenolformaldehyde resins (referred to as PR×) provided by Nalco Chemical
CO., with molecular weights around 3,500 Da and varying amounts of EO∕PO
groups in their structure (Table 3.2)[5] at constant EO/ PO ratio (3:1), which are
used as coalescers for the emulsion. The Solventforthe demulsifier is xylene. The
demulsifier solution contains 10 w.% PRx.

Table 3.2 EO∕PO content of phenolic resins PRx

Phenolic resin

PRi

PR2

PR3

PR4

PR5

PR6

EO∕PO in molecule (wt. %)

25

33

41

46

54

66

3.5.2. Emulsion Preparation

Prior to emulsion preparation, different additives were added to aqueous
phase. In the emulsion preparation, 60 ml emulsion (oil∕water ratio 1.0, v∕v)
sample was prepared by mixing 30 ml 1.0 w.% NaCI brine and 30 ml diluted

58



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