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Chapter 2

Numerical Studies Of Dipolar

Condensates With Split-Step Fourier

Method

The recent experimental progress in Chromium [2] has stimulated many new theoretical
studies on dipolar condensates, the ultracold Bose gases with dominant dipole-dipole inter-
action. The two-body dipolar interaction potential can be written as:

V ∕v √x _      1 “ 3 c°s2 θ

(2.1)


Vdd(χ, F ) - —:--;-----74—

4π r - r'3

where μ∪ is the vacuum magnetic permeability, and θ is the angle between the dipole mo-
ment and the vector r - r'. As we can see from above, the dipole-dipole interaction is
anisotropic and partially attractive.

Due to the partial attractiveness of the dipole-dipole interaction, a dipolar BEC may be



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