The name is absent



Figure 4. Country specific development in social expenditures as share of GDP

Table 2. Types of social expenditures in OECD countries

Policy area

Programs

Old-age

Pensions, early retirement pensions, home-help, residential services for the
elderly.

Survivors

Pensions and funeral payments.

Incapacity-related

Care services, disability benefits, benefits accruing from occupational injury
and accident legislation, employee sickness payments.

Health

Spending on in- and out-patient care, medical goods, prevention.

Family

Child allowances and credits, childcare support, income support during
leave, sole parent payments.

Active labour market policies

Employment services, training youth measures subsidised employment,
employment measures for the disabled.

Unemployment

Unemployment compensation, severance pay, early retirement for labour
market reasons.

Housing

Housing allowances and rent subsidies.

Other social policy areas

Non-categorical cash benefits to low-income households, other social
services; i.e. support programmes such as, food subsidies, which are
prevalent in some non-OECD countries.

Note. Source is Social Expenditure 1980-2003, OECD 2007, p.8.

attributed to any of the major categories. If there was an effect in the mode, its interpretation would be highly
questionable.

13



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