of fishers who think the style of decision-making is an egalitarian process. Hulaliu fishers
feel more dominated by the elite.
Hulaliu is the village where fishers also feel that issues are not openly discussed in the village
(Table 16.25). The open discussion of village issues is correlated with the role of fishers in
management (Pearson’s correlation, p<0.01). Apparently, there is a serious lack of transparency,
which has increased over the years, because Hulaliu fishers scored high for the role of fishers
in management 15 years ago.
Rule benders are more positive about their role in management. In Nolloth, it was asked if
they could seek a dispensation to fish in the sasi area. The pragmatic sasi fishers in Nolloth
feel that they could do so and also feel that they have a bigger role in management. In
Hutumuri, fishers have the opposite opinion. They strongly object to bending the rules,
probably because they feel threatened by rule breakers who exploit their resources. Essentially,
Hutumuri fishers want strictly enforced rules and good compliance. However, the village
government is weak and unresponsive to demands from fishers to develop rules, so the fishers
feel powerless in management.
Table 16.11. Differences among six villages in performance indicator “Role of fishers in management”
as determined by ANOVA. Duncan’s test indicates ranking of the six villages (average descending
from left to right). Lines connect villages that are not significantly different from one another.
Hl=Hulaliu, Ht=Hutumuri, Tu=Tuhaha, Se=Seri, Ha=Haruku, No=Nolloth.
|
Role of fishers |
Average for the |
Anova F |
Probability |
Duncan’spost-hoc test |
|
Change over past 15 years |
-0.08 |
3.369 |
0.006 |
Hl Ht Tu Se Ha No |
|
Expected change (Prob.) |
-0.22 |
3.990 |
0.002 |
Hl Tu Se Ht No Ha |
|
Past condition |
6.44 |
1.853 |
0.105 |
Ha Ht No Se Tu Hl |
|
Present condition |
6.35 |
6.215 |
<0.001 |
Ht Hl Ha Tu Se No |
|
Future condition |
6.13 |
5.213 |
<0.001 |
Hl Ht Tu Se Ha No |
Nolloth has the highest score for the present condition. Haruku fishers had a low score in the
past, but are positive for the future. Nolloth fishers are also positive about the involvement of
fishers in the future. The expected increase in Haruku and Nolloth is significantly higher
than that of Hulaliu. It is possible that the negative prospects of Hulaliu fishers are linked to
the ongoing process of revitalization of sasi from which fishers feel largely excluded, and
which, it is feared, will seriously affect the access of fishers to certain fishing grounds.
222 An Institutional Analysis of Sasi Laut in Maluku, Indonesia
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