Appendix B: Measures of Openness and Their Effect on Gross Wage
Table B1: Openness Measures
(Exports + Imports)/
|
Warwick |
Sachs-Warner |
Chinn-Ito_____ |
GDP_____ | ||
|
Australia |
1994 |
0.135 |
1 |
2.656628 |
39.31 |
|
Austria |
1994 |
0.18 |
1 |
2.374504 |
73.4 |
|
1997 |
0.22 |
1 |
2.656628 |
85.24 | |
|
2000 |
0.312 |
1 |
2.656628 |
101.22 | |
|
Belgium |
1985 |
0.365 |
1 |
0.64974 |
141.49 |
|
1988 |
0.355 |
1 |
0.64974 |
132.65 | |
|
1992 |
0.56 |
1 |
2.656628 |
130.38 | |
|
1995 |
0.376 |
1 |
2.656628 |
133.73 | |
|
1997 |
0.478 |
1 |
2.374504 |
144.83 | |
|
2000 |
0.917 |
1 |
2.374504 |
169.33 | |
|
Denmark |
1987 |
0.139 |
1 |
-0.05699 |
60.71 |
|
1992 |
0.197 |
1 |
2.656628 |
66.43 | |
|
Finland |
1995 |
0.142 |
1 |
2.656628 |
66.16 |
|
2000 |
0.275 |
1 |
2.656628 |
76.03 | |
|
France |
1984 |
0.174 |
1 |
-0.05699 |
46.95 |
|
1989 |
0.181 |
1 |
-0.05699 |
44.36 | |
|
1994 |
0.172 |
1 |
2.656628 |
41.63 | |
|
Germany |
1984 |
0.174 |
1 |
57.27 | |
|
1989 |
0.188 |
1 |
56.52 | ||
|
1994 |
0.175 |
1 |
46.84 | ||
|
2000 |
0.253 |
1 |
67.07 | ||
|
Greece |
1995 |
0.116 |
1 |
-0.05699 |
42.56 |
|
2000 |
0.171 |
1 |
1.342698 |
57.91 | |
|
Ireland |
1994 |
0.247 |
1 |
2.09238 |
131.67 |
|
1995 |
0.268 |
1 |
2.374504 |
141.23 | |
|
1996 |
0.267 |
1 |
2.656628 |
143.46 | |
|
2000 |
0.949 |
1 |
2.656628 |
175.56 | |
|
Italy |
1986 |
0.138 |
1 |
-0.05699 |
38.38 |
|
1987 |
0.138 |
1 |
-0.05699 |
37.85 | |
|
1989 |
0.147 |
1 |
-0.05699 |
39.54 | |
|
1991 |
0.151 |
1 |
0.507263 |
37.11 | |
|
1993 |
0.174 |
1 |
2.374504 |
41.26 | |
|
1995 |
0.175 |
1 |
2.656628 |
50 | |
|
1998 |
0.219 |
1 |
2.656628 |
49.36 | |
|
2000 |
0.207 |
1 |
2.656628 |
55.59 | |
|
Luxembourg |
1997 |
222.25 | |||
|
2000 |
285.59 | ||||
|
Mexico |
1984 |
0.147 |
0 |
-1.22844 |
32.24 |
|
1989 |
0.151 |
1 |
-0.76088 |
38.06 | |
|
1992 |
0.158 |
1 |
-0.05699 |
35.51 | |
|
1994 |
0.156 |
1 |
1.246007 |
38.48 | |
|
1996 |
0.187 |
1 |
1.246007 |
62.26 | |
|
1998 |
0.184 |
1 |
1.246007 |
63.52 | |
|
2000 |
0.188 |
1 |
1.246007 |
64.69 | |
|
Netherlands |
1983 |
0.229 |
1 |
2.656628 |
108.04 |
|
1991 |
0.238 |
1 |
2.656628 |
104.71 | |
|
1994 |
0.228 |
1 |
2.656628 |
103.7 | |
|
1999 |
0.418 |
1 |
2.656628 |
116.85 | |
|
Norway |
1986 |
0.164 |
1 |
-0.05699 |
72.85 |
|
1991 |
0.15 |
1 |
-0.05699 |
72.62 | |
|
1995 |
0.148 |
1 |
1.528131 |
70.1 | |
|
2000 |
0.224 |
1 |
2.656628 |
77.05 | |
|
Poland |
1995 |
0.17 |
1 |
48.39 | |
|
Slovak Republic |
1992 |
138.62 | |||
|
Spain |
1990 |
0.144 |
1 |
-0.05699 |
35.6 |
|
1995 |
0.162 |
1 |
1.810255 |
45.39 | |
|
2000 |
0.25 |
1 |
1.810255 |
62.22 | |
|
Sweden |
1992 |
0.145 |
1 |
1.246007 |
54.42 |
|
1995 |
0.208 |
1 |
2.09238 |
74.13 | |
|
2000 |
0.254 |
1 |
2.656628 |
89.02 | |
|
Switzerland |
1992 |
0.211 |
1 |
67.87 | |
|
United States |
1979 |
1 |
2.656628 |
18.94 | |
|
1986 |
0.153 |
1 |
2.656628 |
17.51 | |
|
1991 |
0.157 |
1 |
2.656628 |
20.64 | |
|
1994 |
0.163 |
1 |
2.656628 |
21.99 | |
|
1997 |
0.179 |
1 |
2.656628 |
24.5 | |
|
2000 |
0.187 |
1_____________ |
2.656628 |
_____________26.2 |
44
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