What Drives the Productive Efficiency of a Firm?: The Importance of Industry, Location, R&D, and Size



Table 11: Parameter estimates of selected variables: determinants of the dynamics of firm effi-
ciency

Model I: 1992-2005

Model II: 1999-2005

Firm-specific factors

a) Size category

Less than 49 employees

-0.002 (-1.34)

-0.002 (-1.18)

50-99 employees

-0.000236 (-0.16)

0.0001 (0.10)

100-249 employees

0.001 (0.67)

0.001 (0.83)

250-499 employees

0.001 (0.89)

0.001 (1.08)

500-999 employees

0.001 (1.03)

0.001 (1.14)

More than 1000 employees

Production share in industry

-0.001 (-0.14)

-0.001 (-0.25)

Number of owners working in the firm

-0.0002 (-0.62)

-0.0002 (-0.49)

R&D intensity

0.02** (2.02)

b) Outsourcing activities

Quota of material inputs

0.00006 (0.61)

0.00005 (0.46)

Quota of external contract work

0.004* (3.8)

0.004* (3.71)

Quota of external services

-0.003* (-2.5)

-0.003* (-2.35)

Quota of temporarily employed labor

0.003 (0.34)

Quota rents and leases

0.000009 (0.67)

Year Dummies

D1992

0.001 (0.50)

D1993

-0.003 (-0.91)

D1994

0.001 (0.49)

D1995

0.00004 (0.01)

D1996

0.00009 (0.03)

D1997

-0.0002 (-0.05)

D1998

-0.0001 (-0.04)

D1999

-0.001 (-0.41)

-0.0008 (-0.35)

D2000

-0.002 (-0.59)

-0.002 (-0.63)

D2001

0.002 (0.58)

0.002 (0.69)

D2002

0.002 (0.80)

0.002 (0.97)

D2003

0.001 (0.48)

0.001 (0.54)

D2004

-0.003 (-1.23)

-0.003 (-1.26)

D2005

0.004* (2.29)

0.004* (2.84)

Number of observations

3,147

3j16

Dependent variable: θi , notes of Table 6 apply.

Hjalmarsson, 1999). The parameter θi indicates whether a firm’s efficiency increases (θi0)
or decreases (θi0) with time t . Therefore, in this part we extended the translog production
function framework by including firm-specific time trends. We performed this analysis only
for firms with at least 10 observations in order to obtain more reliable estimates of
θi . We also
refrained from including a quadratic time trend in the translog production function, as the high
collinearity between the linear and quadratic time trends leads to imprecise estimates of both

21



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