The name is absent



Vertical Coordination and Contract Farming

Rehber


Table 3.2. Size Distribution of Food Processing Plants

Size

Category
(Employees)______

1963_________________

1987_________________

1992_________________

Numbers

%

Numbers

%

Numbers

%

1-19

23 411

62.4

10 895

52.9

11 469

551

20-49

6 862

18.3

3 731

18.1

3 569

17.2

50-99

3 365

9.0

2 337

11.4

2 147

10.4

100-249

2 768

7.4

2 236

10.9

2 139

10.3

250-999

1 024

2.7

1 260

6.1

1 317

6.3

1000- +__________

96

0.3

124

0.6

_______157

0.7

Total_________

37 521

100.0

20 583

100.0

20 798

100.0

Sources: J. M. Connor and W. A. Schiek, 1997, page 85, and Bureau of the Census, 1992 Census of Manufactures, Table 1-4.

Table 3.3. Contract Production and Vertical Integration in the USA Food Industry

Commodity

Contract Production________

Vertical Integration______

1970

1990

1970

1990

Livestock

Broilers

92

92

7

8

Turkeys

60

65

12

28

Hogs

1

11

1

6

Sheep/lamp

7

7

12

28

Field crops

Food grain

2

7

1

1

Feed grain

1

7

1

1

Specialty crops

Processed vegetables

85

88

10

9

Fresh vegetables

21

25

30

40

Potatoes

45

55

25

40

Citrus

84

70

9

8

Other fruit and nuts

20

35

20

25

Total farm output_____________

28.2

30.5

5.3

7.6

Source: S.W. Martinez and Al Reed, 1996, page 5.

Table 3.4. Number of the Dairy Cooperatives by 1992-1997

Cooperatives

1992

1997

Number_____

%

Number

%

Processes and manufacturing co._______

86

32.5

63

27.8

Milk receiving stations_________________

44

16.6

25

11.0

Bargaining cooperatives_______________

135

50.9

138

61.2

Total___________________________________

265

100.0

226

100.0

Source: K.C.Ling, 1999.

Food Marketing Policy Center Research Report #52

38




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