Table 4: Long-run ‘learning-by-exporting’ effect for certain UK industries, 1996-2004
______AGF |
FBT |
TCL |
WPP |
CRR |
MET |
ENG |
OMF | |
IV model (GMM) | ||||||||
EXP_entry t+1 |
0.061 |
-0.013 |
0.066 |
0.678* |
0.242 |
-0.004 |
0.112 |
-0.094 |
EXP_entry t |
-0.012 |
_sksk |
0.173 |
-0.228 |
0.030 |
-0.043 |
0.278*** |
0.272*** |
EXP_entry t-1 |
-0.066 |
-0.019 |
-0.094 |
-0.238** |
0.068 |
-0.052 |
_ _ _sksk -0.215** |
_ _ _ * -0.084* |
EXP_exit t+1 |
0.084 |
-0.126* |
-0.284* |
0.107 |
-0.186* |
-0.264*** |
0.098 |
-0.068 |
EXP_exit t |
0.133 |
-0.054 |
-0.072 |
0.118 |
_ _ .sksksk -0.692*** |
0.120 |
-0.091 |
0.094 |
EXP_exit t-1 |
-0.447 |
-0.049 |
0.157 |
-0.236 |
0.399* |
_ _ _sksksk |
-0.114* |
0.055 |
EXP_both t+1 |
0.689*** |
-0.021 |
-0.086 |
0.076 |
-0.025 |
-0.072 |
-0.048 |
-0.045 |
EXP_both t |
0.042 |
0.211** |
-0.153 |
-0.013 |
-0.004 |
0.071 |
0.036 |
0.042 |
EXP_both t-1 |
0.260 |
sk -0.104* |
0.110 |
0.057 |
-0.017 |
-0.008 |
0.009 |
-0.055 |
No. of Obs. |
1702 |
3065 |
2223 |
6903 |
4629 |
7075 |
9596 |
3731 |
No. of groups |
508 |
741 |
530 |
1798 |
1107 |
1719 |
2252 |
948 |
Control function | ||||||||
EXP_entry t+1 |
0.074 |
-0.014 |
0.013 |
0.743** |
0.256 |
-0.013 |
0.094 |
-0.102 |
EXP_entry t |
-0.061 |
0.271** |
0.298 |
0.390 |
-0.041 |
0.039 |
0.410* |
0.353 |
EXP_entry t-1 |
-0.043 |
-0.013 |
-0.157 |
-0.329*** |
0.056 |
-0.065 |
-0.200* |
-0.063 |
EXP_exit t+1 |
0.086 |
-0.108* |
-0.272 |
0.127 |
sksk -0.181** |
_ .sksksk -0.198*** |
0.043 |
-0.068 |
EXP_exit t |
0.117 |
-0.257 |
-0.029 |
-0.433 |
-0.476 |
-0.001 |
-0.281 |
-0.066 |
EXP_exit t-1 |
-0.383 |
-0.015 |
0.174 |
-0.272** |
0.295 |
_sksksk 0.215*** |
_ _ * -0.102* |
0.070 |
EXP_both t+1 |
0.693*** |
-0.054 |
-0.115 |
0.056 |
0.006 |
-0.053 |
-0.051 |
-0.051 |
EXP_both t |
0.018 |
0.369** |
-0.117 |
0.463** |
-0.065 |
0.118 |
0.222 |
0.092 |
EXP_both t-1 |
0.283 |
-0.158* |
0.103 |
0.035 |
0.001 |
-0.010 |
0.025 |
-0.045 |
λ1 |
0.009 |
-0.014 |
0.009 |
_ _ _ sksksk -0.201*** |
0.109 |
-0.040 |
0.012 |
0.017 |
λ0 |
0.058 |
-0.240*** |
-0.014 |
0.352 |
0.015 |
0.007 |
-0.122* |
-0.121 |
No. of Obs. |
1702 |
3065 |
2223 |
6903 |
4629 |
7075 |
9596 |
3731 |
No. of groups |
508 |
741 |
530 |
1798 |
1107 |
1719 |
2252 |
948 |
Matched sample | ||||||||
EXP_entry t+1 |
0.048 |
0.020 |
-0.043 |
__.sksk 0.533** |
* |
0.008 |
0.115 |
-0.063 |
EXP_entry t |
0.009 |
0.093** |
- _ - * |
-0.113 |
-0.001 |
-0.065 |
_ _ .sksksk 0.276*** |
0.278*** |
EXP_entry t-1 |
0.025 |
0.001 |
-0.031 |
-0.246*** |
0.082 |
-0.022 |
-0.201* |
-0.136* |
EXP_exit t+1 |
0.036 |
-0.092* |
-0.349* |
0.097 |
-0.192* |
-0.281*** |
0.092 |
-0.067 |
EXP_exit t |
-0.006 |
-0.077 |
0.039 |
0.120 |
___.sksksk -0.729*** |
__ .sk 0.176* |
-0.075 |
0.108 |
EXP_exit t-1 |
-0.415 |
-0.042 |
0.200 |
-0.254* |
0.436* |
.sksksk 0.212*** |
-0.106* |
0.052 |
EXP_both t+1 |
0.694 |
-0.040 |
-0.091 |
0.086 |
-0.006 |
-0.072 |
-0.039 |
-0.058 |
EXP_both t |
0.026 |
_ _sksk |
-0.057 |
-0.002 |
0.001 |
0.070 |
0.035 |
0.038 |
EXP_both t-1 |
_ _ -SkSkSk 0.309*** |
-0.063 |
0.205 |
0.064 |
-0.012 |
-0.010 |
-0.006 |
-0.088 |
No. of Obs. |
682 |
2564 |
2100 |
5178 |
4525 |
6386 |
3731 |
3443 |
No. of groups_________ |
261 |
685 |
509 |
1526 |
1089 |
1610 |
948 |
890 |
Notes: Refer to Table 2 for details of industry group codes. The 2-step GMM system estimator in STATA 9 is used
using FAME data in conjunction with weights; the instrument set includes lagged values of the RHS variables
in the model as well as ln Ageit and Intangit . Standard errors are obtained using the ‘delta’ method. See
Table 3 for details of estimation of other variables. ***/**/* significant at the 1%/5%/10% level.
28