Consumption Behaviour in Zambia: The Link to Poverty Alleviation?

Series

Model

ADF¹⁷

Lags

ADF

Tτ, Tμ, τ

ADF

Φ3, Φ1

PP¹⁸

Lags

PP

∆LNJNV

Trend

-4.501 ***

15.425 ***

1

-18.742 ***

Intercept

0

-7.969 ***

63.508 ***

3

-13.750 ***

None

0

-8.048 ***

-

3

-9.776 ***

.δi.∖ м3 /к

Trend

'O.......................................

.....-4^945***^

.....12.247"***....................

.....3.................................

.....-4.936'"***..................

Intercept

0

-5.036 ***

26.363 ***

3

-5.029 ***

None

0

-5.124 ***

-

3

-5.118 ***

.δi.∖ gcons /к

Trend

.....3.......................................

.....-5.365 ***....................

g.960"***.........................

.....3.................................

.....-5.435***..................

Intercept

3

-5.018 ***

9.996 ***

3

-5.710 ***

None

3

-4.864 ***

-

3

-5.128 ***

.....∆R LENDRATE............................................

Trend

"o'.......................................

.....-6.714***....................

■■■■22.539***....................

.....3.................................

.....-6.895"***..................

Intercept

0

-6.719 ***

45.141 ***

3

-6.786 ***

None

0

-6.841 ***

-

3

-6.911 ***

ΔR^bill

Trend

"o'.......................................

.....-7.002***....................

■■■■24.522"***....................

.....3.................................

.....-7.217"***..................

Intercept

0

-6.983 ***

48.769 ***

3

-7.157 ***

None

0

-7.112 ***

-

3

-7.294 ***