WP 92 - An overview of women's work and employment in Azerbaijan

M. van Klaveren, K.G. Tijdens, M. Hughie-Williams and N.E. Ramos Martin

2.6.3. Women’s labour market share

In Table 5 we present the division of the Azerbaijan labour force by industry and gender, for the labour
force at large.⁸ The table shows that still a considerable part of the Azerbaijani labour force is in agriculture:
40% of the females, 37% of the males. For both sexes, wholesale and retail trade is the second largest em-
ployer, though for females this industry is, with 22%, more important than for males, with 10.5% employed
in wholesale and retail. For women, education comes third (11.6%), followed by health and social work
(6.5%) and manufacturing (4.6%). The share of manufacturing in employment is still quite low, which is also
the case for men (5.2%). In 2008, 28% of the female labour force was employed in commercial services, of
which three of four in wholesale and retail (22%).

Table 5. Employment by industry and gender, total labour force, Azerbaijan, 2008

all male female

	x 1,000	%	x 1,000	%	x 1,000	%
agriculture, forestry, fishing_______	1,557	________38.4	_______754	________36.8	_______803	________40.0
mining_______________________	_________45	___________1.1	_________35	__________1.7	________10	__________0.5
manufacturing_________________	________199	__________4.9	________107	__________5.2	________92	__________4.6
utilities (gas, water, electr.)__________	_________46	___________1.1	_________37	__________1.8	__________8	__________0.4
construction	_______226	___________5.1	________192	__________9.4	________34	__________1.7
wholesale and retail_______________	_______654	________16.1	_______212	________10.4	_______442	________22.0
transport, storage, commun.______	_______209	__________5.2	________145	___________7.1	________64	__________3.2
restaurants, hotels	_________23	__________0.6	__________11	__________0.5	________12	__________0.6
finance___________________________	_________19	__________0.5	__________11	__________0.5	__________8	_________0.4
real estate, renting, business_______	________139	__________3.4	_________96	_________4.7	________43	___________2.1
public administrat., defense_______	_______274	__________6.8	_______205	________10.0	________69	__________3.4
education_______________________	________346	__________8.5	________113	__________5.5	_______233	________11.6
health, social work________________	________183	__________4.5	_________52	__________2.5	________131	__________6.5
other community services________	________135	__________3.3	_________74	__________3.6	_________61	__________3.0
Total__________________________	4,056	________100	2,048	________100	2,008	________100

Source: ILO Laborsta, Table 2B

Table 6 (next page) presents an overview of the female employment shares by industry for the labour
force at large. Five of the 15 industries show a female share above average. With over 72%, this majority is
largest in health and social work, followed by wholesale and retail (68%); education (67%); restaurants and
hotels (52%), and agriculture (51%). The female share in manufacturing (46%) is in international perspective

8 We could also construct a table for the division by industry and gender for employees alone, based on ILO Laborsta, Table
2E, but this table contained unexplainable differences with our Table 5. For some industries, like finance, the number of em-
ployees derived from the ILO statistics was larger than their total labour force, whereas for others the number of employees
was obviously too small to be taken into consideration, for example in public administration, where for 2008 the number of
employees was less than 25% of the total labour force. Therefore, we left out such a table, and we have used only total labour
force data to construct the female employment shares by industry (Table 6).

Page • 38

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