Income Growth and Mobility of Rural Households in Kenya: Role of Education and Historical Patterns in Poverty Reduction

Dependent Variable

(1)

LID

(2)

LID*Education

Δ dtmrd

-0.62

-13.17

(0.43)

(1.06)

Δ mdist

-1.85

-31.26

(0.55)

(0.90)

Δ agehd

-0.75

-37.23

(0.34)

(0.93)

Δ agehd2

0.01

0.19

(0.30)

(0.73)

Δ educhd

-6.63***

189.13***

(2.63)

(7.31)

Δ malehd

29.79*

454.66*

(1.66)

(1.86)

Δ padofe

25.90*

-102.66

(1.65)

(0.84)

Δ ldcult

-0.82

-15.00

(0.71)

(1.29)

Δ nlvstok

-0.29

-1.56

(1.16)

(0.63)

Δ nmalad

2.42

75.55*

(0.45)

(1.66)

Δ nfemad

0.43

-10.35

(0.09)

(0.23)

Δ month

0.75

-5.67

(0.50)

(0.38)

Δ grpmem

5.40

44.06

(0.58)

(0.39)

year dummy

130.85***

667.05***

(10.58)

(5.03)

Instruments

Lagged Income level

-0.87***

-3.96***

(12.41)

(3.70)

Lagged income*education

.042***

0.33***

(5.34)

(3.04)

Lag mean rainfall deviation

-2.57***

-20.07***

(3.14)

(2.97)

Joint sig of Instrument set

F-statistics

51.90

7.11

p-value

0.0000

0.0001

Over-id Test

Chi-square statistic

0.184

p-value

0.6676