Discourse Patterns in First Language Use at Hcme and Second Language Learning at School: an Ethnographic Approach



Interpretation I 133

Table 5.3

Main Topics of Conversational Sequences

No.

of CS

%

AskingzdiscussingZpreparing food

58

24.6

Discussing house-related activities:
fetching water ,cleaning ,asking
neighbours

67

28.5

Minding babies, reporting on other
children's behaviour

26

11.0

Reporting on and discussing observers

18

7.6

Reporting on and discussing school
activities

19

8.0

(Literacy events) !looking at printed materials
children showing books to adults
parents teaching the use of money
parents teaching how to tell the time

15

6.3

Reporting on happenings in the village

19

8.0

Talking about selfZpIans for the future

11

4.6

Parents teaching good behaviour

2

0.8

Total

235

100.0

Binford's ethnographic study (Binford,1971) reports that all siblings and
cousins are called by the same term, but there is a definite, and also
lexical, distinction on the basis of age. Two siblings in consecutive
order of birth have a special relation, and they refer to each other and
are referred to by different terms. The older, regardless of sex and
absolute age, takes care of the younger even before weaning, carrying him
on his back and being responsible to the mother for him, and can be
stricter than the mother would be. The younger respects the authority of
the older and may call him by the term for 'mother' and 'father'. As in
many other parts of the world (see 2.5 and Reynolds,1986), children



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