Discourse Patterns in First Language Use at Hcme and Second Language Learning at School: an Ethnographic Approach

Interpretation I 133

Table 5.3

Main Topics of Conversational Sequences

	No.	of CS	%
AskingzdiscussingZpreparing food		58	24.6
Discussing house-related activities: fetching water ,cleaning ,asking neighbours		67	28.5
Minding babies, reporting on other children's behaviour		26	11.0
Reporting on and discussing observers		18	7.6
Reporting on and discussing school activities		19	8.0
(Literacy events) !looking at printed materials children showing books to adults parents teaching the use of money parents teaching how to tell the time		15	6.3
Reporting on happenings in the village		19	8.0
Talking about selfZpIans for the future		11	4.6
Parents teaching good behaviour		2	0.8
Total		235	100.0

Binford's ethnographic study (Binford,1971) reports that all siblings and
cousins are called by the same term, but there is a definite, and also
lexical, distinction on the basis of age. Two siblings in consecutive
order of birth have a special relation, and they refer to each other and
are referred to by different terms. The older, regardless of sex and
absolute age, takes care of the younger even before weaning, carrying him
on his back and being responsible to the mother for him, and can be
stricter than the mother would be. The younger respects the authority of
the older and may call him by the term for 'mother' and 'father'. As in
many other parts of the world (see 2.5 and Reynolds,1986), children

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