Work Rich, Time Poor? Time-Use of Women and Men in Ireland



342


THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL REVIEW

Table 9: OLS Model of Total Committed Time, Weekdays

All

Men

Women

B

Sig.

B

Sig.

B

Sig.

(Constant)

Female

Age (ref . 18-24 years)

36.01

2.06

.000

.017

34.77

.000

39.58

.000

25-44 years

-1.34

.402

0.44

.853

-1.97

.371

45-64 years

-4.01

.017

-2.02

.415

-5.46

.018

65+ years

Employment status (ref employee)

-9.81

.000

-5.96

.058

-12.31

.000

Self-employed

2.84

.026

2.13

.192

3.76

.108

Student

-7.24

.000

-5.45

.083

-7.66

.006

Unemployed

-24.40

.000

-24.05

.000

-25.43

.000

Home Duties

-6.38

.000

-13.34

.127

-5.73

.000

Retired

-11.91

.000

-14.90

.000

-9.09

.000

Other not employed
Educ. (ref = primary)
Intermediate/Junior

-10.97

.000

-17.28

.000

-3.00

.290

Certificate level

2.10

.085

2.63

.153

1.12

.495

Leaving Certificate level

2.26

.061

1.68

.362

2.78

.086

Post-secondary

Children (ref no kids <18 years)

1.99

.110

0.91

.639

2.44

.138

Youngest child <5 years

11.71

.000

9.63

.000

12.73

.000

Youngest child 5-10 years

7.43

.000

6.50

.019

7.36

.001

Youngest child 11-18 years

3.86

.009

3.34

.138

3.78

.053

Child(ren) <18 unknown age

5.55

.002

4.41

.133

6.65

.004

Lone-parent

Partner’s employment
(ref. Not employed)

0.82

.742

-3.36

.537

3.33

.259

No partner

-2.28

.063

-0.72

.704

-4.78

.005

Partner employed

-0.14

.900

-0.67

.669

-0.30

.850

Adult carer

5.24

.000

3.40

.109

6.00

.000

Equivalised income

0.00

.192

0.00

.140

0.00

.817

Dublin

adjusted r2
n

-0.46

0.472

870

.663

-1.06

0.449

415

.523

0.12

0.501

454

.929

Note: Committed time = employment/education + caring + housework + travel.
Note the dependent variable is measured in number of 15 minute slots.
Source: Irish National Time-Use Survey, 2005.

emerges on weekdays. Levels of committed time are also significantly higher
among women than men at weekends - due to high levels of unpaid work
carried out by women. Committed time is lower among older groups on
weekdays but age has less effect on free-time at weekends. The level of
committed time at weekends does not vary with age among women, however,



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