Migration and employment status during the turbulent nineties in Sweden



there is a negative correlation between the proportion that migrates in from a job and the
economy’s “knowledge intensity” (
KNOWINT). It also turns out that high out-migration
(
OUTMIG) relatively speaking results in high in-migration.

In-migration from unemployment: The explanatory value overall is lower as compared with
in-migration from work. Furthermore, this is less reliable because the number of migrants to
and from certain small local labour markets can be relatively low and sometimes even almost
non-existent. The significant relationships are also in most cases striking by their absence. The
exception is the portion of persons with high education (
EDHIGH) in the work force in 1993
and 1996 - that indicates that they migrated from unemployment to studying or to
unemployment in regions which are characterised by a high education level and where the
future prospects are viewed as positive (see Table 2).

In-migration from studies: Here an ever greater explanatory value arises as time progresses.
Here there is a clear connection with education level - people move to regions with high
education levels (
EDHIGH). The age structure (AGE) is also significant (with the exception of
1991) - people move to regions with a young population. This is not exactly surprising -
newly graduated young people migrate preferably to locations which have a young population.
These also have a relatively low per capita income, in part because of the young population,
which appears as a negative correlation between in-migration from studying and income level
(
INC) - only during the upswing year 1997 does this negative correlation disappear. During
1996 and 1997 out-migration (
OUTMIG) as well is significant.

In-migration from “other”: Here as well there is an overall negative correlation with the
income level (
INC) of the in-migration region. Persons who do not belong to the work force or
are not studying preferably look to regions with low-income levels. Nor do they head for
regions that are characterised as knowledge-intensive (
KNOWINT), with the exception of
1997 when no correlation in this respect can be detected.

In-migration to various labour market “careers”

In-migration to work: People preferably move to regions with both a high (EDHIGH) and a
low education level (
EDLOW) which apart from that are regarded as having - and also have -
a relatively positive employment development. It is thus locations with a large portion of



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