Migration and employment status during the turbulent nineties in Sweden

there is a negative correlation between the proportion that migrates in from a job and the
economy’s “knowledge intensity” (KNOWINT). It also turns out that high out-migration
(OUTMIG) relatively speaking results in high in-migration.

In-migration from unemployment: The explanatory value overall is lower as compared with
in-migration from work. Furthermore, this is less reliable because the number of migrants to
and from certain small local labour markets can be relatively low and sometimes even almost
non-existent. The significant relationships are also in most cases striking by their absence. The
exception is the portion of persons with high education (EDHIGH) in the work force in 1993
and 1996 - that indicates that they migrated from unemployment to studying or to
unemployment in regions which are characterised by a high education level and where the
future prospects are viewed as positive (see Table 2).

In-migration from studies: Here an ever greater explanatory value arises as time progresses.
Here there is a clear connection with education level - people move to regions with high
education levels (EDHIGH). The age structure (AGE) is also significant (with the exception of
1991) - people move to regions with a young population. This is not exactly surprising -
newly graduated young people migrate preferably to locations which have a young population.
These also have a relatively low per capita income, in part because of the young population,
which appears as a negative correlation between in-migration from studying and income level
(INC) - only during the upswing year 1997 does this negative correlation disappear. During
1996 and 1997 out-migration (OUTMIG) as well is significant.

In-migration from “other”: Here as well there is an overall negative correlation with the
income level (INC) of the in-migration region. Persons who do not belong to the work force or
are not studying preferably look to regions with low-income levels. Nor do they head for
regions that are characterised as knowledge-intensive (KNOWINT), with the exception of
1997 when no correlation in this respect can be detected.

In-migration to various labour market “careers”

In-migration to work: People preferably move to regions with both a high (EDHIGH) and a
low education level (EDLOW) which apart from that are regarded as having - and also have -
a relatively positive employment development. It is thus locations with a large portion of

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